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Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling of posterior distributions arising in Bayesian inverse problems is challenging when evaluations of the forward model are computationally expensive. Replacing the forward model with a low-cost,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-08-29 Benjamin Peherstorfer , Youssef Marzouk

In this paper we discuss the problem of the estimation of extreme event occurrence probability for data drawn from some multifractal process. We also study the heavy (power-law) tail behavior of probability density function associated with…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-11 Jean-Francois Muzy , Emmanuel Bacry , Alexey Kozhemyak

Hyper-differential sensitivity analysis with respect to model discrepancy was recently developed to enable uncertainty quantification for optimization problems. The approach consists of two primary steps: (i) Bayesian calibration of the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-10-09 Joseph Hart , Bart van Bloemen Waanders , Jixian Li , Timbwaoga A. J. Ouermi , Chris R. Johnson

Estimating high quantiles plays an important role in the context of risk management. This involves extrapolation of an unknown distribution function. In this paper we propose three methods, namely, the normal approximation method, the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Liang Peng , Yongcheng Qi

We describe and analyze a variance reduction approach for Monte Carlo (MC) sampling that accelerates the estimation of statistics of computationally expensive simulation models using an ensemble of models with lower cost. These lower cost…

Computation · Statistics 2021-05-04 Alex A. Gorodetsky , Gianluca Geraci , Mike Eldred , John D. Jakeman

The increasing penetration of embedded renewables makes forecasting net-load, consumption less embedded generation, a significant and growing challenge. Here a framework for producing probabilistic forecasts of net-load is proposed with…

Applications · Statistics 2022-10-06 Jethro Browell , Matteo Fasiolo

In statistical modeling with Gaussian Process regression, it has been shown that combining (few) high-fidelity data with (many) low-fidelity data can enhance prediction accuracy, compared to prediction based on the few high-fidelity data…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-04-23 Seungjoon Lee , Felix Dietrich , George E. Karniadakis , Ioannis G. Kevrekidis

We employ optimal control theory to study the problem of estimating the probability density function from a data set originating from an unknown probability distribution. The original variational problem is reformulated as a multi-stage…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-02 Markus Hegland , C. Yalçın Kaya

Robust controllers that stabilize dynamical systems even under disturbances and noise are often formulated as solutions of nonsmooth, nonconvex optimization problems. While methods such as gradient sampling can handle the nonconvexity and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-05-01 Steffen W. R. Werner , Michael L. Overton , Benjamin Peherstorfer

Models for extreme values are generally derived from limit results, which are meant to be good enough approximations when applied to finite samples. Depending on the speed of convergence of the process underlying the data, these…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-02-20 Thomas Lugrin , Anthony C. Davison , Jonathan A. Tawn

This thesis evaluates most of the extreme mixture models and methods that have appended in the literature and implements them in the context of finance and insurance. The paper also reviews and studies extreme value theory, time series,…

General Economics · Economics 2024-07-09 Yujuan Qiu

This paper presents an algorithm for the preprocessing of observation data aimed at improving the robustness of orbit determination tools. Two objectives are fulfilled: obtain a refined solution to the initial orbit determination problem…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-11-07 Alberto Fossà , Roberto Armellin , Emmanuel Delande , Matteo Losacco , Francesco Sanfedino

Existing variance reduction techniques used in stochastic simulations for rare event analysis still require a substantial number of model evaluations to estimate small failure probabilities. In the context of complex, nonlinear finite…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Liuyun Xu , Seymour M. J. Spence

In this paper, we study the problem of estimating uniformly well the mean values of several distributions given a finite budget of samples. If the variance of the distributions were known, one could design an optimal sampling strategy by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-07-17 Alexandra Carpentier , Alessandro Lazaric , Mohammad Ghavamzadeh , Rémi Munos , Peter Auer , András Antos

Multivariate extreme value statistical analysis is concerned with observations on several variables which are thought to possess some degree of tail-dependence. In areas such as the modeling of financial and insurance risks, or as the…

Applications · Statistics 2014-12-31 Alexis Bienvenüe , Christian Y. Robert

Conformal prediction is a distribution-free uncertainty quantification method that has gained popularity in the machine learning community due to its finite-sample guarantees and ease of use. Its most common variant, dubbed split conformal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Alvaro H. C. Correia , Christos Louizos

We characterize the complex, heavy-tailed probability distribution functions (pdf) describing the response and its local extrema for structural systems subjected to random forcing that includes extreme events. Our approach is based on the…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2017-06-02 Han Kyul Joo , Mustafa A. Mohamad , Themistoklis P. Sapsis

We propose a novel distribution-free scheme to solve optimization problems where the goal is to minimize the expected value of a cost function subject to probabilistic constraints. Unlike standard sampling-based methods, our idea consists…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-05-28 Francesco Cordiano , Matin Jafarian , Bart De Schutter

For measuring tail risk with scarce extreme events, extreme value analysis is often invoked as the statistical tool to extrapolate to the tail of a distribution. The presence of large datasets benefits tail risk analysis by providing more…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-12-18 Liujun Chen , Deyuan Li , Chen Zhou

Sampling is often a necessary evil to reduce the processing and storage costs of distributed tracing. In this work, we describe a scalable and adaptive sampling approach that can preserve events of interest better than the widely used…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-07-19 Otmar Ertl