Related papers: Quantum entanglement enabled ellipsometer for phas…
Squeezed light enables quantum-enhanced phase estimation, with crucial applications in both fundamental physics and emerging technologies. To fully exploit the advantage provided by this approach, estimation protocols must remain optimal…
The precise determination of the position of point-like emitters and scatterers using far-field optical imaging techniques is of utmost importance for a wide range of applications in medicine, biology, astronomy, and physics. Although the…
Spectroscopic ellipsometry is a widely used optical technique both in industry and research for determining the optical properties and thickness of thin films. The effective use of spectroscopic ellipsometry on micro-structures is inhibited…
The study of dynamic systems at the nanometer scale can benefit from the loss and background resilience offered by quantum two-photon interference. However, fast measurements with the required resolution are difficult to realize. As a…
Phase measurement using a lossless Mach-Zehnder interferometer with certain entangled $N$-photon states can lead to a phase sensitivity of the order of 1/N, the Heisenberg limit. However, previously considered output measurement schemes are…
The visualization of pure phase objects by wavefront sensing has important applications ranging from surface profiling to biomedical microscopy, and generally requires bulky and complicated setups involving optical spatial filtering,…
We present practical methods to measure entanglement for quantum simulators that can be realized with trapped ions, cold atoms, and superconducting qubits. Focussing on long- and short-range Ising-type Hamiltonians, we introduce schemes…
We report a weighing metrology experiment of a single silica microsphere optically trapped and immersed in air. Based on fluctuations about thermal equilibrium, three different mass measurements are investigated, each arising from one of…
We propose an entanglement beam splitter (EBS) using a quantum-dot spin in a double-sided optical microcavity. In contrast to the conventional optical beam splitter, the EBS can directly split a photon-spin product state into two…
Collective measurements can project a system into an entangled state with enhanced sensitivity for measuring a quantum phase, but measurement back-action has limited previous efforts to only modest improvements. Here we use a collective…
We consider the calibration of an optical quantum gyroscope by modeling two Sagnac interferometers, mounted approximately at right angles to each other. Reliable operation requires that we know the angle between the interferometers with…
Einstein Telescope (ET) is expected to achieve sensitivity improvements exceeding an order of magnitude compared to current gravitational-wave detectors. The rigorous characterization in optical birefringence of materials and coatings has…
Photons offer the potential to carry large amounts of information in their spectral, spatial, and polarisation degrees of freedom. While state-of-the-art classical communication systems routinely aim to maximize this information-carrying…
Entanglement--one of the most delicate phenomena in nature--is an essential resource for quantum information applications. Large entangled cluster states have been predicted to enable universal quantum computation, with the required single-…
Spectroscopic ellipsometry is a sensitive and optical model-supported quantitative tool to monitor interfaces. In this work, solid-liquid interfaces are studied using the Kretschmann-Raether configuration for biosensing applications. The…
Weak measurement amplification, which is considered as a very promising scheme in precision measurement, has been applied to various small physical quantities estimation. Since many quantities can be converted to phase signal, it is thus…
Sensing light's polarization and wavefront direction enables surface curvature assessment, material identification, shadow differentiation, and improved image quality in turbid environments. Traditional polarization cameras utilize multiple…
Optical entanglement is a key requirement for many quantum communication protocols. Conventionally entanglement is formed between two distinct beams, with the quantum correlations being measured at separate locations. We show entanglement…
The concepts of separability, entanglement, spin-squeezing and Heisenberg limit are central in the theory of quantum enhanced metrology. In the current literature, these are well established only in the case of linear interferometers…
Precision photometric calibration is key to a number of astrophysical research areas such as supernova cosmology and dark energy studies. In the age of large surveys, pushing the limits of photometry is a worthy challenge, with traditional…