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Speculative sampling reduces the latency of autoregressive decoding for target model LLMs without sacrificing inference quality, by using a cheap draft model to suggest a candidate token and a verification criterion to accept or resample…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Rahul Krishna Thomas , Arka Pal

Recently used in various machine learning contexts, the Gromov-Wasserstein distance (GW) allows for comparing distributions whose supports do not necessarily lie in the same metric space. However, this Optimal Transport (OT) distance…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-10-21 Titouan Vayer , Rémi Flamary , Romain Tavenard , Laetitia Chapel , Nicolas Courty

Selecting prototypical examples from a source distribution to represent a target data distribution is a fundamental problem in machine learning. Existing subset selection methods often rely on implicit importance scores, which can be skewed…

Empirical optimal transport (OT) plans and distances provide effective tools to compare and statistically match probability measures defined on a given ground space. Fundamental to this are distributional limit laws and we derive a central…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-03-30 Shayan Hundrieser , Marcel Klatt , Axel Munk

We introduce Guided Harmonic Path-Integral Diffusion (GH-PID), a linearly-solvable framework for guided Stochastic Optimal Transport (SOT) with a hard terminal distribution and soft, application-driven path costs. A low-dimensional guidance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Michael Chertkov

Optimal transport (OT) theory focuses, among all maps $T:\mathbb{R}^d\rightarrow \mathbb{R}^d$ that can morph a probability measure onto another, on those that are the ``thriftiest'', i.e. such that the averaged cost $c(x, T(x))$ between…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-02-09 Marco Cuturi , Michal Klein , Pierre Ablin

In computer vision and machine learning for geographic data, out-of-domain generalization is a pervasive challenge, arising from uneven global data coverage and distribution shifts across geographic regions. Though models are frequently…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Haoran Zhang , Livia Betti , Konstantin Klemmer , Esther Rolf , David Alvarez-Melis

We address the convergence problem in learning the Optimal Transport (OT) map, where the OT Map refers to a map from one distribution to another while minimizing the transport cost. Semi-dual Neural OT, a widely used approach for learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Jaemoo Choi , Jaewoong Choi , Dohyun Kwon

The Gaussian-smoothed optimal transport (GOT) framework, recently proposed by Goldfeld et al., scales to high dimensions in estimation and provides an alternative to entropy regularization. This paper provides convergence guarantees for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-02 Yixing Zhang , Xiuyuan Cheng , Galen Reeves

Optimal Transport (OT) distances such as Wasserstein have been used in several areas such as GANs and domain adaptation. OT, however, is very sensitive to outliers (samples with large noise) in the data since in its objective function,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Yogesh Balaji , Rama Chellappa , Soheil Feizi

We propose a new colour transfer method with Optimal Transport (OT) to transfer the colour of a sourceimage to match the colour of a target image of the same scene that may exhibit large motion changes betweenimages. By definition OT does…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-05-20 Hana Alghamdi , Rozenn Dahyot

Unbalanced Optimal Transport (UOT) has emerged as a robust relaxation of standard Optimal Transport, particularly effective for handling outliers and mass variations. However, scalable algorithms for UOT, specifically those based on…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-12 Ferdinand Genans

This paper addresses the problem of estimating entropy-regularized optimal transport (EOT) maps with squared-Euclidean cost between source and target measures that are subGaussian. In the case that the target measure is compactly supported…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-11-21 Matthew Werenski , James M. Murphy , Shuchin Aeron

In many applications of optimal transport (OT), the object of primary interest is the optimal transport map. This map rearranges mass from one probability distribution to another in the most efficient way possible by minimizing a specified…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-06-25 Sivaraman Balakrishnan , Tudor Manole , Larry Wasserman

We study the fundamental computational problem of approximating optimal transport (OT) equations using neural differential equations (Neural ODEs). More specifically, we develop a novel framework for approximating unbalanced optimal…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-21 Minh-Nhat Phung , Minh-Binh Tran

The geometric transportation problem takes as input a set of points $P$ in $d$-dimensional Euclidean space and a supply function $\mu : P \to \mathbb{R}$. The goal is to find a transportation map, a non-negative assignment $\tau : P \times…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Kyle Fox , Jiashuai Lu

We present a simple, efficient and robust approach to improve cosmological redshift measurements. The method is based on the presence of a reference sample for which a precise redshift number distribution (dN/dz) can be obtained for…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-09-13 Nicolas Tejos , Aldo Rodriguez-Puebla , Joel R. Primack

Transport systems on networks are crucial in various applications, but face a significant risk of being adversely affected by unforeseen circumstances such as disasters. The application of entropy-regularized optimal transport (OT) on graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Koshi Oishi , Yota Hashizume , Tomohiko Jimbo , Hirotaka Kaji , Kenji Kashima

We present a flow-based approach to the optimal transport (OT) problem between two continuous distributions $\pi_0,\pi_1$ on $\mathbb{R}^d$, of minimizing a transport cost $\mathbb{E}[c(X_1-X_0)]$ in the set of couplings $(X_0,X_1)$ whose…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-09-30 Qiang Liu

Entropic optimal transport (EOT) presents an effective and computationally viable alternative to unregularized optimal transport (OT), offering diverse applications for large-scale data analysis. In this work, we derive novel statistical…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-05-26 Michel Groppe , Shayan Hundrieser