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Experimental designs are fundamental for estimating causal effects. In some fields, within-subjects designs, which expose participants to both control and treatment at different time periods, are used to address practical and logistical…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-08 Justin Ho , Jonathan Min

Engineering problems that are modeled using sophisticated mathematical methods or are characterized by expensive-to-conduct tests or experiments, are encumbered with limited budget or finite computational resources. Moreover, practical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-24 Yonatan Ashenafi , Piyush Pandita , Sayan Ghosh

The term `surrogate modeling' in computational science and engineering refers to the development of computationally efficient approximations for expensive simulations, such as those arising from numerical solution of partial differential…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-08-12 Maarten V. de Hoop , Daniel Zhengyu Huang , Elizabeth Qian , Andrew M. Stuart

Surrogate testing techniques have been used widely to investigate the presence of dynamical nonlinearities, an essential ingredient of deterministic chaotic processes. Traditional surrogate testing subscribes to statistical hypothesis…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-07-18 Radhakrishnan Nagarajan

Ensuring safety in industrial control systems usually involves imposing constraints at the design stage of the control algorithm. Enforcing constraints is challenging if the underlying functional form is unknown. The challenge can be…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-06-09 Marta Zagorowska , Efe C. Balta , Varsha Behrunani , Alisa Rupenyan , John Lygeros

The computational efficiency of approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) has been improved by using surrogate models such as Gaussian processes (GP). In one such promising framework the discrepancy between the simulated and observed data is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-08-07 Marko Järvenpää , Aki Vehtari , Pekka Marttinen

An important task of uncertainty quantification is to identify {the probability of} undesired events, in particular, system failures, caused by various sources of uncertainties. In this work we consider the construction of Gaussian…

Computation · Statistics 2016-04-20 Hongqiao Wang , Guang Lin , Jinglai Li

We propose a general methodology of sequential locally optimal design of experiments for explicit or implicit nonlinear models, as they abound in chemical engineering and, in particular, in vapor-liquid equilibrium modeling. As a sequential…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-03-15 Martin Bubel , Jochen Schmid , Volodymyr Kozachynskyi , Erik Esche , Michael Bortz

In the last few years, de novo molecular design using machine learning has made great technical progress but its practical deployment has not been as successful. This is mostly owing to the cost and technical difficulty of synthesizing such…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2022-04-06 Qi Zhang , Chang Liu , Stephen Wu , Ryo Yoshida

We present variational sequential optimal experimental design (vsOED), a novel method for optimally designing a finite sequence of experiments within a Bayesian framework with information-theoretic criteria. vsOED employs a one-point reward…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-08 Wanggang Shen , Jiayuan Dong , Xun Huan

This paper introduces a novel two-stage machine learning-based surrogate modeling framework to address inverse problems in scientific and engineering fields. In the first stage of the proposed framework, a machine learning model termed the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-05 Farhad Pourkamali-Anaraki , Jamal F. Husseini , Evan J. Pineda , Brett A. Bednarcyk , Scott E. Stapleton

Surrogate models are used to alleviate the computational burden in engineering tasks, which require the repeated evaluation of computationally demanding models of physical systems, such as the efficient propagation of uncertainties. For…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-09-28 Felix Schneider , Iason Papaioannou , Gerhard Müller

Sequential algorithms are popular for experimental design, enabling emulation, optimisation and inference to be efficiently performed. For most of these applications bespoke software has been developed, but the approach is general and many…

Computation · Statistics 2021-10-18 Matthew A. Fisher , Onur Teymur , Chris. J. Oates

High-performance concrete requires complex mix design decisions involving interdependent variables and practical constraints. While data-driven methods have improved predictive modeling for forward design in concrete engineering, inverse…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Agung Nugraha , Heungjun Im , Jihwan Lee

In a task where many similar inverse problems must be solved, evaluating costly simulations is impractical. Therefore, replacing the model $y$ with a surrogate model $y_s$ that can be evaluated quickly leads to a significant speedup. The…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-05-15 Phillip Semler , Martin Weiser

Data-driven surrogate models offer quick approximations to complex numerical and experimental systems but typically lack uncertainty quantification, limiting their reliability in safety-critical applications. While Bayesian methods provide…

In this article, we consider a stochastic numerical simulator to assess the impact of some factors on a phenomenon. The simulator is seen as a black box with inputs and outputs. The quality of a simulation, hereafter referred to as…

Computation · Statistics 2017-07-27 Rémi Stroh , Séverine Demeyer , Nicolas Fischer , Julien Bect , Emmanuel Vazquez

Reliable uncertainty quantification is essential for deploying machine learning systems in high-stakes domains. Conformal prediction provides distribution-free coverage guarantees but often produces overly large prediction sets, limiting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Yunpeng Xu , Wenge Guo , Zhi Wei

We present GO-CBED, a goal-oriented Bayesian framework for sequential causal experimental design. Unlike conventional approaches that select interventions aimed at inferring the full causal model, GO-CBED directly maximizes the expected…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Zheyu Zhang , Jiayuan Dong , Jie Liu , Xun Huan

Clinical trials usually involve sequential patient entry. When designing a clinical trial, it is often desirable to include a provision for interim analyses of accumulating data with the potential for stopping the trial early. We review…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-03-13 Tianjian Zhou , Yuan Ji