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Adapting instruction to the fine-grained needs of individual students is a powerful application of recent advances in large language models. These generative AI models can create tasks that correspond to students' interests and enact…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Candace Walkington , Mingyu Feng , Itffini Pruitt-Britton , Theodora Beauchamp , Andrew Lan

The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) has shifted language model evaluation toward reasoning and problem-solving tasks as measures of general intelligence. Small Language Models (SLMs) -- defined here as models under 10B parameters…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Gabriel Benedict , Matthew Butler , Naved Merchant , Eetu Salama-Laine

Standard language models generate text by selecting tokens from a fixed, finite, and standalone vocabulary. We introduce a novel method that selects context-aware phrases from a collection of supporting documents. One of the most…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Bowen Cao , Deng Cai , Leyang Cui , Xuxin Cheng , Wei Bi , Yuexian Zou , Shuming Shi

We present the Chinese Elementary School Math Word Problems (CMATH) dataset, comprising 1.7k elementary school-level math word problems with detailed annotations, source from actual Chinese workbooks and exams. This dataset aims to provide…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-30 Tianwen Wei , Jian Luan , Wei Liu , Shuang Dong , Bin Wang

We propose a new evaluation for automatic solvers for algebra word problems, which can identify mistakes that existing evaluations overlook. Our proposal is to evaluate such solvers using derivations, which reflect how an equation system…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-01-12 Shyam Upadhyay , Ming-Wei Chang

With recent advances in large language models (LLMs), the concept of automatically generating children's educational materials has become increasingly realistic. Working toward the goal of age-appropriate simplicity in generated educational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Maria Valentini , Jennifer Weber , Jesus Salcido , Téa Wright , Eliana Colunga , Katharina Kann

Although mathematics is often considered culturally neutral, the way mathematical problems are presented can carry implicit cultural context. Existing benchmarks like GSM8K are predominantly rooted in Western norms, including names,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Aditya Tomar , Nihar Ranjan Sahoo , Ashish Mittal , Rudra Murthy , Pushpak Bhattacharyya

Question generation (QG) is a natural language processing task with an abundance of potential benefits and use cases in the educational domain. In order for this potential to be realized, QG systems must be designed and validated with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Sabina Elkins , Ekaterina Kochmar , Jackie C. K. Cheung , Iulian Serban

Large language models (LLMs) hold great promise for educational applications, particularly in intelligent tutoring systems. However, effective tutoring requires alignment with pedagogical strategies - something current LLMs lack without…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Kseniia Petukhova , Ekaterina Kochmar

Numerous math benchmarks exist to evaluate LLMs' mathematical capabilities. However, most involve extensive manual effort and are difficult to scale. Consequently, they cannot keep pace with LLM development or easily provide new instances…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Jiayu Fu , Mourad Heddaya , Chenhao Tan

Large language models exhibit superior capabilities in processing and understanding language, yet their applications in educational contexts remain underexplored. Learnersourcing enhances learning by engaging students in creating their own…

This research introduces an innovative mathematical learning approach that integrates generative AI to cultivate a structured learning rather than quick solution. Our method combines chatbot capabilities and generative AI to offer…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Aditi Singh , Abul Ehtesham , Saket Kumar , Gaurav Kumar Gupta , Tala Talaei Khoei

Large Language Models (LLMs) offer a promising solution to complement traditional teaching and address global teacher shortages that affect hundreds of millions of children, but they fail to provide grade-appropriate responses for students…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Jio Oh , Steven Euijong Whang , James Evans , Jindong Wang

Researchers have made notable progress in applying Large Language Models (LLMs) to solve math problems, as demonstrated through efforts like GSM8k, ProofNet, AlphaGeometry, and MathOdyssey. This progress has sparked interest in their…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Adit Gupta , Jennifer Reddig , Tommaso Calo , Daniel Weitekamp , Christopher J. MacLellan

Intelligent and adaptive online education systems aim to make high-quality education available for a diverse range of students. However, existing systems usually depend on a pool of hand-made questions, limiting how fine-grained and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-09 Megha Srivastava , Noah Goodman

Given the increasing use of synthetic data in language model (LM) post-training, an LM's ability to generate high-quality data has become nearly as crucial as its ability to solve problems directly. While prior works have focused on…

In this article, we tackle the math word problem, namely, automatically answering a mathematical problem according to its textual description. Although recent methods have demonstrated their promising results, most of these methods are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-28 Shifeng Huang , Jiawei Wang , Jiao Xu , Da Cao , Ming Yang

A common and effective means for improving language model capabilities involves finetuning a ``student'' language model's parameters on generations from a more proficient ``teacher'' model. Termed ``synthetic data'', these generations are…

Teachers are important to imparting knowledge and guiding learners, and the role of large language models (LLMs) as potential educators is emerging as an important area of study. Recognizing LLMs' capability to generate educational content…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Yuyan Chen , Chenwei Wu , Songzhou Yan , Panjun Liu , Haoyu Zhou , Yanghua Xiao

Large language models (LLMs) have increased the demand for personalized and stylish content generation. However, closed-source models like GPT-4 present limitations in optimization opportunities, while the substantial training costs and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Chenning Xu , Fangxun Shu , Dian Jin , Jinghao Wei , Hao Jiang