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The majority of language model training builds on imitation learning. It covers pretraining, supervised fine-tuning, and affects the starting conditions for reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF). The simplicity and scalability…

This work aims to tackle a major challenge in offline Inverse Reinforcement Learning (IRL), namely the reward extrapolation error, where the learned reward function may fail to explain the task correctly and misguide the agent in unseen…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-22 Sheng Yue , Guanbo Wang , Wei Shao , Zhaofeng Zhang , Sen Lin , Ju Ren , Junshan Zhang

We propose a novel Inverse Reinforcement Learning (IRL) method that mitigates the rigidity of fixed reward structures and the limited flexibility of implicit reward regularization. Building on the Maximum Entropy IRL framework, our approach…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Adib Karimi , Mohammad Mehdi Ebadzadeh

Adversarial Inverse Reinforcement Learning (AIRL) has shown promise in addressing the sparse reward problem in reinforcement learning (RL) by inferring dense reward functions from expert demonstrations. However, its performance in highly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Bram Silue , Santiago Amaya-Corredor , Patrick Mannion , Lander Willem , Pieter Libin

We model human decision-making behaviors in a risk-taking task using inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) for the purposes of understanding real human decision making under risk. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work applying…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-14 Quanying Liu , Haiyan Wu , Anqi Liu

In inverse reinforcement learning (IRL), the central objective is to infer underlying reward functions from observed expert behaviors in a way that not only explains the given data but also generalizes to unseen scenarios. This ensures…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Ali Baheri

Collecting high-quality preference datasets for reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) is resource-intensive and challenging. As a result, researchers often train reward models on extensive offline datasets which aggregate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Shambhavi Krishna , Aishwarya Sahoo

In this work, we propose a novel inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) algorithm for constrained Markov decision process (CMDP) problems. In standard IRL problems, the inverse learner or agent seeks to recover the reward function of the MDP,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-08 Nirjhar Das , Arpan Chattopadhyay

The aim of inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) is to infer an agent's preferences from observing their behaviour. Usually, preferences are modelled as a reward function, $R$, and behaviour is modelled as a policy, $\pi$. One of the central…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Joar Skalse , Alessandro Abate

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) is an effective tool for real-world recommender systems with its capacity to model the dynamic interest of users and its interactive nature. Most existing offline RL recommender systems focus on…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Yi Zhang , Ruihong Qiu , Jiajun Liu , Sen Wang

We study the problem of Inverse Reinforcement Learning (IRL) with an average-reward criterion. The goal is to recover an unknown policy and a reward function when the agent only has samples of states and actions from an experienced agent.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Feiyang Wu , Jingyang Ke , Anqi Wu

One of the most interesting application scenarios in anomaly detection is when sequential data are targeted. For example, in a safety-critical environment, it is crucial to have an automatic detection system to screen the streaming data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-23 Min-hwan Oh , Garud Iyengar

Offline Reinforcement Learning (RL) aims at learning an optimal control from a fixed dataset, without interactions with the system. An agent in this setting should avoid selecting actions whose consequences cannot be predicted from the…

We consider the problem of imitation learning from a finite set of expert trajectories, without access to reinforcement signals. The classical approach of extracting the expert's reward function via inverse reinforcement learning, followed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-10 Ruohan Wang , Carlo Ciliberto , Pierluigi Amadori , Yiannis Demiris

Learning a reward function from human preferences is challenging as it typically requires having a high-fidelity simulator or using expensive and potentially unsafe actual physical rollouts in the environment. However, in many tasks the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-05 Daniel Shin , Anca D. Dragan , Daniel S. Brown

In Reward Learning (ReL), we are given feedback on an unknown target reward, and the goal is to use this information to recover it in order to carry out some downstream application, e.g., planning. When the feedback is not informative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Filippo Lazzati , Alberto Maria Metelli

Enabling bipedal walking robots to learn how to maneuver over highly uneven, dynamically changing terrains is challenging due to the complexity of robot dynamics and interacted environments. Recent advancements in learning from…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Feiyang Wu , Zhaoyuan Gu , Hanran Wu , Anqi Wu , Ye Zhao

This paper addresses the problem of online inverse reinforcement learning for systems with limited data and uncertain dynamics. In the developed approach, the state and control trajectories are recorded online by observing an agent perform…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-21 Ryan Self , S M Nahid Mahmud , Katrine Hareland , Rushikesh Kamalapurkar

Reinforcement Learning (RL) heavily relies on the careful design of the reward function. However, accurately assigning rewards to each state-action pair in Long-Term Reinforcement Learning (LTRL) tasks remains a significant challenge. As a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Qi Ju , Falin Hei , Zhemei Fang , Yunfeng Luo

In adversarial environments, one side could gain an advantage by identifying the opponent's strategy. For example, in combat games, if an opponents strategy is identified as overly aggressive, one could lay a trap that exploits the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-03 Mark Rucker , Stephen Adams , Roy Hayes , Peter A. Beling