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High-precision time synchronization is a vital prerequisite for many modern applications and technologies, including Smart Grids, Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN), and 5G networks. Although the Precision Time Protocol (PTP) can accomplish…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Andreas Finkenzeller , Oliver Butowski , Emanuel Regnath , Mohammad Hamad , Sebastian Steinhorst

Complex multi-step attacks have caused significant damage to numerous critical infrastructures. To detect such attacks, graph neural network based methods have shown promising results by modeling the system's events as a graph. However,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Wei Liu , Peng Gao , Haotian Zhang , Ke Li , Weiyong Yang , Xingshen Wei , Jiwu Shu

Threat modeling (TM) is an important aspect of risk analysis and secure software engineering. Graphical threat models are a recommended tool to analyze and communicate threat information. However, the comparison of different graphical…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Nathan D. Schiele , Olga Gadyatskaya

Cyber security is one of the most significant technical challenges in current times. Detecting adversarial activities, prevention of theft of intellectual properties and customer data is a high priority for corporations and government…

Databases · Computer Science 2015-03-04 Sutanay Choudhury , Lawrence Holder , George Chin , Khushbu Agarwal , John Feo

Driver identification has become an area of increasing interest in recent years, especially for data- driven applications, because biometric-based technologies may incur privacy issues. This study proposes a deep learning neural network…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Wei-Hsun Lee , Che-Yu Chang , Kuang-Yu Li

Recent efforts show that neural networks are vulnerable to small but intentional perturbations on input features in visual classification tasks. Due to the additional consideration of connections between examples (\eg articles with citation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-17 Fuli Feng , Xiangnan He , Jie Tang , Tat-Seng Chua

As cyber threats grow increasingly sophisticated, reinforcement learning (RL) is emerging as a promising technique to create intelligent and adaptive cyber defense systems. However, most existing autonomous defensive agents have overlooked…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Ilya Orson Sandoval , Isaac Symes Thompson , Vasilios Mavroudis , Chris Hicks

Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) pose a severe challenge to cyber defense due to their stealthy behavior and the extreme class imbalance inherent in detection datasets. To address these issues, we propose a novel active learning-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Sidahmed Benabderrahmane , Talal Rahwan

Anomaly detection underpins critical applications from network security and intrusion detection to fraud prevention, where recognizing aberrant patterns rapidly is indispensable. Progress in this area is routinely impeded by two obstacles:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Jiaju Miao , Wei Zhu

Model-based evaluation in cybersecurity has a long history. Attack Graphs (AGs) and Attack Trees (ATs) were the earlier developed graphical security models for cybersecurity analysis. However, they have limitations (e.g., scalability…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-01-05 Simon Yusuf Enoch , Mengmeng Ge , Jin B. Hong , Dong Seong Kim

Over the last years, threat intelligence sharing has steadily grown, leading cybersecurity professionals to access increasingly larger amounts of heterogeneous data. Among those, cyber attacks' Tactics, Techniques and Procedures (TTPs) have…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-04-30 Valentine Legoy , Marco Caselli , Christin Seifert , Andreas Peter

This paper is devoted to measuring the security of cyber networks under advanced persistent threats (APTs). First, an APT-based cyber attack-defense process is modeled as an individual-level dynamical system. Second, the dynamic model is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-07-13 Lu-Xing Yang , Pengdeng Li , Xiaofan Yang , Luosheng Wen , Yingbo Wu , Yuan Yan Tang

Recent work shows that deep neural networks are vulnerable to adversarial examples. Much work studies adversarial example generation, while very little work focuses on more critical adversarial defense. Existing adversarial detection…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-15 Bin Zhu , Zhaoquan Gu , Le Wang , Zhihong Tian

The network inference problem consists of reconstructing the edge set of a network given traces representing the chronology of infection times as epidemics spread through the network. This problem is a paradigmatic representative of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2013-08-14 Bruno Abrahao , Flavio Chierichetti , Robert Kleinberg , Alessandro Panconesi

Modern deep neural networks (DNNs) are vulnerable to adversarial attacks and adversarial training has been shown to be a promising method for improving the adversarial robustness of DNNs. Pruning methods have been considered in adversarial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Xupeng Shi , Pengfei Zheng , A. Adam Ding , Yuan Gao , Weizhong Zhang

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have attracted considerable attention due to their diverse applications. However, the scarcity and quality limitations of graph data present challenges to their training process in practical settings. To…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Hanyang Yuan , Jiarong Xu , Renhong Huang , Mingli Song , Chunping Wang , Yang Yang

The highest level in the Endsley situation awareness model is called projection when the status of elements in the environment in the near future is predicted. In cybersecurity situation awareness, the projection for an Advanced Persistent…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-16 Motahareh Dehghan , Babak Sadeghiyan , Erfan Khosravian , Alireza Sedighi Moghaddam , Farshid Nooshi

Critical and sophisticated cyberattacks often take multitudes of reconnaissance, exploitations, and obfuscation techniques to penetrate through well protected enterprise networks. The discovery and detection of attacks, though needing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-26 Shanchieh Jay Yang , Ahmet Okutan , Gordon Werner , Shao-Hsuan Su , Ayush Goel , Nathan D. Cahill

Network tomography is a crucial problem in network monitoring, where the observable path performance metric values are used to infer the unobserved ones, making it essential for tasks such as route selection, fault diagnosis, and traffic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Yuntong Hu , Junxiang Wang , Liang Zhao

The development of the DRL model for malware attribution involved extensive research, iterative coding, and numerous adjustments based on the insights gathered from predecessor models and contemporary research papers. This preparatory work…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Animesh Singh Basnet , Mohamed Chahine Ghanem , Dipo Dunsin , Wiktor Sowinski-Mydlarz