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The adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs) is reshaping software development as developers integrate these LLMs into their applications. In such applications, prompts serve as the primary means of interacting with LLMs. Despite the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Mahan Tafreshipour , Aaron Imani , Eric Huang , Eduardo Almeida , Thomas Zimmermann , Iftekhar Ahmed

This paper presents the design and evaluation of a novel multi-level LLM interface for supermarket robots to assist customers. The proposed interface allows customers to convey their needs through both generic and specific queries. While…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Chandran Nandkumar , Luka Peternel

Many companies use large language models (LLMs) offered as a service, like OpenAI's GPT-4, to create AI-enabled product experiences. Along with the benefits of ease-of-use and shortened time-to-solution, this reliance on proprietary…

Large Language Models (LLMs) represent a revolution in AI. However, they also pose many significant risks, such as the presence of biased, private, copyrighted or harmful text. For this reason we need open, transparent and safe solutions.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Arno Candel , Jon McKinney , Philipp Singer , Pascal Pfeiffer , Maximilian Jeblick , Chun Ming Lee , Marcos V. Conde

While several studies have examined the security of code generated by GPT and other Large Language Models (LLMs), most have relied on controlled experiments rather than real developer interactions. This paper investigates the security of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Vladislav Belozerov , Peter J Barclay , Ashkan Sami

Large Language Models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT and GitHub Copilot have revolutionized automated code generation in software engineering. However, as these models are increasingly utilized for software development, concerns have arisen…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Ahmad Mohsin , Helge Janicke , Adrian Wood , Iqbal H. Sarker , Leandros Maglaras , Naeem Janjua

Large language models (LLMs) and their agentic frameworks are increasingly adopted to perform development tasks such as automated program repair (APR). While prior work has identified security risks in LLM-generated code, most have focused…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Amirali Sajadi , Kostadin Damevski , Preetha Chatterjee

Large language models that exhibit instruction-following behaviour represent one of the biggest recent upheavals in conversational interfaces, a trend in large part fuelled by the release of OpenAI's ChatGPT, a proprietary large language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-13 Andreas Liesenfeld , Alianda Lopez , Mark Dingemanse

Modern life has witnessed the explosion of mobile devices. However, besides the valuable features that bring convenience to end users, security and privacy risks still threaten users of mobile apps. The increasing sophistication of these…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Tran Thanh Lam Nguyen , Barbara Carminati , Elena Ferrari

With the introduction of ChatGPT, OpenAI made large language models (LLM) accessible to users with limited IT expertise. However, users with no background in natural language processing (NLP) might lack a proper understanding of LLMs. Thus…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Stefanie Urchs , Veronika Thurner , Matthias Aßenmacher , Christian Heumann , Stephanie Thiemichen

In the past years, AI has seen many advances in the field of NLP. This has led to the emergence of LLMs, such as the now famous GPT-3.5, which revolutionise the way humans can access or generate content. Current studies on LLM-based…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-04-19 Alexandre Agossah , Frédérique Krupa , Matthieu Perreira Da Silva , Patrick Le Callet

The rapid evolution of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Large Language Models (LLMs) has opened up new opportunities in the area of cybersecurity, especially in the exploitation automation landscape and penetration testing. This study…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Wanni Vidulige Ishan Perera , Xing Liu , Fan liang , Junyi Zhang

Mobile apps are indispensable for people's daily life, and automated GUI (Graphical User Interface) testing is widely used for app quality assurance. There is a growing interest in using learning-based techniques for automated GUI testing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Zhe Liu , Chunyang Chen , Junjie Wang , Mengzhuo Chen , Boyu Wu , Xing Che , Dandan Wang , Qing Wang

Despite the transformative impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) across various sectors, cyber security continues to rely on traditional static and dynamic analysis tools, hampered by high false positive rates and superficial code…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Rajesh Yarra

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly embedded in open-source software (OSS) ecosystems, creating complex interactions among natural language prompts, probabilistic model outputs, and execution-capable components. However, it…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Fariha Tanjim Shifat , Hariswar Baburaj , Ce Zhou , Jaydeb Sarker , Mia Mohammad Imran

Programming reliability algorithms is crucial for risk assessment in geotechnical engineering. This study explores the possibility of automating and accelerating this task using Generative AI based on Large Language Models (LLMs).…

Applications · Statistics 2025-06-25 Atma Sharma , Jie Zhang , Meng Lu , Shuangyi Wu , Baoxiang Li

Previous learning-based vulnerability detection methods relied on either medium-sized pre-trained models or smaller neural networks from scratch. Recent advancements in Large Pre-Trained Language Models (LLMs) have showcased remarkable…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Xin Zhou , Ting Zhang , David Lo

Ensuring the security of large language models (LLMs) is an ongoing challenge despite their widespread popularity. Developers work to enhance LLMs security, but vulnerabilities persist, even in advanced versions like GPT-4. Attackers…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Aysan Esmradi , Daniel Wankit Yip , Chun Fai Chan

The rapid adoption of large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT has introduced new dynamics in software development, particularly within pull request workflows. While prior research has examined the quality of AI-generated code, less is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Daniel Ogenrwot , John Businge

With the rapid progress of large language models (LLMs), many downstream NLP tasks can be well solved given appropriate prompts. Though model developers and researchers work hard on dialog safety to avoid generating harmful content from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Haoran Li , Dadi Guo , Wei Fan , Mingshi Xu , Jie Huang , Fanpu Meng , Yangqiu Song
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