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Although safely enhanced Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success in tackling various complex tasks in a zero-shot manner, they remain susceptible to jailbreak attacks, particularly the unknown jailbreak attack. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Fan Liu , Zhao Xu , Hao Liu

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate that chain-of-thought prompting and deep reasoning substantially enhance performance on complex tasks, and multi-agent systems can further improve accuracy by enabling model…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Zehui Ling , Deshu Chen , Yichi Zhang , Yuchen Liu , Xigui Li , Xin Guo , Yuan Cheng

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in natural language tasks, but their safety and morality remain contentious due to their training on internet text corpora. To address these concerns, alignment…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Mohammad Bahrami Karkevandi , Nishant Vishwamitra , Peyman Najafirad

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved impressive progress in natural language processing, but their limited ability to retain long-term context constrains performance on document-level or multi-turn tasks. Retrieval-Augmented…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Zhangyu Wang , Siyuan Gao , Rong Zhou , Hao Wang , Li Ning

The increasing capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) have raised concerns about their misuse in AI-generated plagiarism and social engineering. While various AI-generated text detectors have been proposed to mitigate these risks,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Yize Cheng , Vinu Sankar Sadasivan , Mehrdad Saberi , Shoumik Saha , Soheil Feizi

An algorithm is proposed for solving optimization problems arising in neural network training for supervised learning. The unique feature of the algorithm is the use of an auxiliary loss, in addition to the original loss employed for model…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-11 Yunlang Zhu , Lingjun Guo , Zahra Khatti , Xiaoyi Qu , Chia-Yuan Wu , Lara Zebiane , Frank E. Curtis

With adversarial or otherwise normal prompts, existing large language models (LLM) can be pushed to generate toxic discourses. One way to reduce the risk of LLMs generating undesired discourses is to alter the training of the LLM. This can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Meng Cao , Mehdi Fatemi , Jackie Chi Kit Cheung , Samira Shabanian

Fine-tuning pre-trained language models (PLMs) has demonstrated its effectiveness on various downstream NLP tasks recently. However, in many low-resource scenarios, the conventional fine-tuning strategies cannot sufficiently capture the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-15 Yusheng Su , Xu Han , Yankai Lin , Zhengyan Zhang , Zhiyuan Liu , Peng Li , Jie Zhou , Maosong Sun

LLM-based automatic speech recognition models demonstrate strong performance by connecting audio encoders and LLMs. However, data scarcity of paired speech and transcription often hinders their adaptation to new domains, making text-only…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Ryo Magoshi , Takashi Maekaku , Yusuke Shinohara

Large Language Models (LLMs) have long held sway in the realms of artificial intelligence research. Numerous efficient techniques, including weight pruning, quantization, and distillation, have been embraced to compress LLMs, targeting…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Xuan Shen , Pu Zhao , Yifan Gong , Zhenglun Kong , Zheng Zhan , Yushu Wu , Ming Lin , Chao Wu , Xue Lin , Yanzhi Wang

Large language models (LLMs), trained on large-scale text, have recently attracted significant attention for their strong performance across many tasks. Motivated by this, we investigate whether a text-trained LLM can help localize fake…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-13 Lin Zhang , Thomas Thebaud , Zexin Cai , Sanjeev Khudanpur , Daniel Povey , Leibny Paola García-Perera , Matthew Wiesner , Nicholas Andrews

LLM alignment ensures that large language models behave safely and effectively by aligning their outputs with human values, goals, and intentions. Aligning LLMs employ huge amounts of data, computation, and time. Moreover, curating data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Amrit Khera , Rajat Ghosh , Debojyoti Dutta

Large Language Model (LLM)-based agents solve complex tasks through iterative reasoning, exploration, and tool-use, a process that can result in long, expensive context histories. While state-of-the-art Software Engineering (SE) agents like…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Tobias Lindenbauer , Igor Slinko , Ludwig Felder , Egor Bogomolov , Yaroslav Zharov

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) traditionally assumes known domains, but adding data from a new domain raises concerns about computational inefficiencies linked to retraining models on both existing and new domains. Fine-tuning solely on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Devang Kulshreshtha , Saket Dingliwal , Brady Houston , Nikolaos Pappas , Srikanth Ronanki

Large Language Models (LLMs) push the bound-aries in natural language processing and generative AI, driving progress across various aspects of modern society. Unfortunately, the pervasive issue of bias in LLMs responses (i.e., predictions)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Isabela Pereira Gregio , Ian Pons , Anna Helena Reali Costa , Artur Jordão

Large language models have demonstrated exceptional performance across multiple crosslingual NLP tasks, including machine translation (MT). However, persistent challenges remain in addressing context-sensitive units (CSUs), such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Qiuyu Ding , Zhiqiang Cao , Hailong Cao , Tiejun Zhao

We propose Masker, an unsupervised text-editing method for style transfer. To tackle cases when no parallel source-target pairs are available, we train masked language models (MLMs) for both the source and the target domain. Then we find…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-05 Eric Malmi , Aliaksei Severyn , Sascha Rothe

We present a novel iterative, edit-based approach to unsupervised sentence simplification. Our model is guided by a scoring function involving fluency, simplicity, and meaning preservation. Then, we iteratively perform word and phrase-level…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-18 Dhruv Kumar , Lili Mou , Lukasz Golab , Olga Vechtomova

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional reasoning abilities, enabling strong generalization across diverse tasks such as commonsense reasoning and instruction following. However, as LLMs scale, inference costs become…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Rhea Sanjay Sukthanker , Benedikt Staffler , Frank Hutter , Aaron Klein

Neural network-based language models are commonly used in rescoring approaches to improve the quality of modern automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems. Most of the existing methods are computationally expensive since they use…