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Recent years have seen a sharp increase in the number of underage users in virtual reality (VR), where security and privacy (S\&P) risks such as data surveillance and self-disclosure in social interaction have been increasingly prominent.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Jiaxun Cao , Abhinaya SB , Anupam Das , Pardis Emami-Naeini

Metaverse is a living space and cyberspace that realizes the process of virtualizing and digitizing the real world. It integrates a plethora of existing technologies with the goal of being able to map the real world, even beyond the real…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Zefeng Chen , Jiayang Wu , Wensheng Gan , Zhenlian Qi

By focusing on immersive interaction among users, the burgeoning Metaverse can be viewed as a natural extension of existing social media. Similar to traditional online social networks, there are numerous security and privacy issues in the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-02-20 Ruizhi Cheng , Songqing Chen , Bo Han

Virtual Reality (VR) has shown great potential to revolutionize the market by providing users immersive experiences with freedom of movement. Compared to traditional video streaming, VR is with ultra high-definition and dynamically changes…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-03-12 Miao Hu , Xianzhuo Luo , Jiawen Chen , Young Choon Lee , Yipeng Zhou , Di Wu

Virtual Reality (VR) moves away from well-controlled laboratory environments into public and personal spaces. As users are visually disconnected from the physical environment, interacting in an uncontrolled space frequently leads to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Wen-Jie Tseng

The quality of Virtual Reality (VR) apps is vital, particularly the rendering quality of the VR Graphical User Interface (GUI). Different from traditional 2D apps, VR apps create a 3D digital scene for users, by rendering two distinct 2D…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Shuqing Li , Cuiyun Gao , Jianping Zhang , Yujia Zhang , Yepang Liu , Jiazhen Gu , Yun Peng , Michael R. Lyu

Virtual reality (VR) has recently proliferated significantly, consisting of headsets or head-mounted displays (HMDs) and hand controllers for an embodied and immersive experience. The VR device is usually embedded with different kinds of…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Wei Sun , Minghong Fang , Mengyuan Li

Social Virtual Reality (VR) platforms have surged in popularity, yet their security risks remain underexplored. This paper presents four novel UI attacks that covertly manipulate users into performing harmful actions through deceptive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Junhee Lee , Hwanjo Heo , Seungwon Woo , Minseok Kim , Jongseop Kim , Jinwoo Kim

As Virtual Reality (VR) expands into fields like healthcare and education, ensuring secure and user-friendly authentication becomes essential. Traditional password entry methods in VR are cumbersome and insecure, making password managers…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Emiram Kablo , Yorick Last , Patricia Arias Cabarcos , Melanie Volkamer

The ethical design of social Virtual Reality (VR) is not a new topic, but "safety" concerns of using social VR are escalated to a different level given the heat of the Metaverse. For example, it was reported that nearly half of the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-04-19 Qingxiao Zheng , Tue Ngoc Do , Lingqing Wang , Yun Huang

\begin{abstract} This paper comprehensively analyzes privacy policies in AR/VR applications, leveraging BERT, a state-of-the-art text classification model, to evaluate the clarity and thoroughness of these policies. By comparing the privacy…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Abdulaziz Alghamdi , David Mohaisen

The rapid growth of metaverse technologies, including virtual worlds, augmented reality, and lifelogging, has accelerated their adoption across diverse domains. This rise exposes users to significant new security and privacy challenges due…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Argianto Rahartomo , Leonel Merino , Mohammad Ghafari

Today's virtual reality (VR) systems provide immersive interactions that seamlessly connect users with online services and one another. However, these immersive interfaces also introduce new vulnerabilities, making it easier for users to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-11 Zhuolin Yang , Cathy Yuanchen Li , Arman Bhalla , Ben Y. Zhao , Haitao Zheng

The term "metaverse", a three-dimensional virtual universe similar to the real realm, has always been full of imagination since it was put forward in the 1990s. Recently, it is possible to realize the metaverse with the continuous emergence…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Ruoyu Zhao , Yushu Zhang , Youwen Zhu , Rushi Lan , Zhongyun Hua

Mixed reality (MR) technologies are emerging into the mainstream with affordable devices like the Oculus Quest. These devices blend the physical and virtual in novel ways that blur the lines that exist in legal precedent, like those between…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-22 Nicole Shadowen , Diane Hosfelt

With the unprecedented diffusion of virtual reality, the number of application scenarios is continuously growing. As commercial and gaming applications become pervasive, the need for the secure and convenient identification of users, often…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Sara Baldoni , Salim Benhamadi , Federico Chiariotti , Michele Zorzi , Federica Battisti

The metaverse is said to be the future Internet and will consist of several worlds called verses. This concept is being discussed a lot lately, however, the security issues of these virtual worlds are not discussed enough. This study first…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-15 Pınar Kürtünlüoğlu , Beste Akdik , Enis Karaarslan

Virtual Reality, an immersive technology that replicates an environment via computer-simulated reality, gets a lot of attention in the entertainment industry. However, VR has also great potential in other areas, like the medical domain,…

This chapter explores the practice of conducting user research studies and design assessments in virtual reality (VR). An overview of key VR hardware and software tools is provided, including game engines, such as Unity and Unreal Engine.…

Virtual reality (VR) is not a new technology but has been in development for decades, driven by advances in computer technology. Currently, VR technology is increasingly being used in applications to enable immersive, yet controlled…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-11-24 Hong Gao