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Photonic computing offers a promising route to accelerating artificial intelligence (AI) by providing high analog bandwidth, low latency, and low energy consumption. However, existing optical neural networks (ONNs) struggle with substantial…

Neuromorphic Computing implemented in photonic hardware is one of the most promising routes towards achieving machine learning processing at the picosecond scale, with minimum power consumption. In this work, we present a new concept for…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-11-01 K. Sozos , A. Bogris , P. Bienstman , G. Sarantoglou , S. Deligiannidis , C. Mesaritakis

Incoherent photonic neural networks (PNNs) provide a robust platform for analog optical computing, yet efficient implementation of native signed operations remains challenging. Existing incoherent PNNs approaches often require additional…

Optics · Physics 2026-05-21 Yuan Ren , Yong Zheng , Ruixue Liu , Yunpeng Song , Qinfen Huang , Min Wang , Ya Cheng

As an increasingly powerful technique in integrated photonics, inverse design uses optimization algorithms to automatically create compact, high-performance photonic structures, often yielding non-intuitive layouts far more compact than…

Optics · Physics 2026-03-03 Junho Park , Taehan Kim , Mohammad Ali , Di Liang

The inverse design of photonic integrated circuits (PICs) presents distinctive computational challenges, including their large memory requirements. Advancements in the two-photon polymerization (2PP) fabrication process introduce additional…

On-chip photonic processors for neural networks have potential benefits in both speed and energy efficiency but have not yet reached the scale at which they can outperform electronic processors. The dominant paradigm for designing on-chip…

The rapid surge in data generated by Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), and machine learning (ML) applications demands ultra-fast, scalable, and energy-efficient hardware, as traditional von Neumann architectures face…

Linear transformations are cornerstone operations utilized in modern computing, but are computationally expensive on current electronic platforms. Optical computing has been positioned as a new computing solution, promising high speed and…

Optics · Physics 2025-12-29 Kevin Zelaya , Jonathan Friedman , Mohammad-Ali Miri

Photonic innovation is becoming ever more important in the modern world. Optical systems are dominating shorter and shorter communications distances, LED's are rapidly emerging for a variety of applications, and solar cells show potential…

Optics · Physics 2013-08-02 Owen D. Miller

Photonic processors use optical signals for computation, leveraging the high bandwidth and low loss of optical links. While many approaches have been proposed, including in memory photonic circuits, most efforts have focused on the physical…

Realization of deep learning with coherent optical field has attracted remarkably attentions presently, which benefits on the fact that optical matrix manipulation can be executed at speed of light with inherent parallel computation as well…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-19 Yong-Liang Xiao , Rongguang Liang , Jianxin Zhong , Xianyu Su , Zhisheng You

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are reshaping the field of information processing. With their exponential growth challenging existing electronic hardware, optical neural networks (ONNs) are emerging to process DNN tasks in the optical domain…

The escalating demands of compute-intensive applications urgently necessitate the adoption of optical interconnect technologies to overcome bottlenecks in scaling computing systems. This requires fully exploiting the inherent parallelism of…

The optical neural network (ONN) is a promising hardware platform for next-generation neurocomputing due to its high parallelism, low latency, and low energy consumption. Previous ONN architectures are mainly designed for general matrix…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Chenghao Feng , Jiaqi Gu , Hanqing Zhu , Zhoufeng Ying , Zheng Zhao , David Z. Pan , Ray T. Chen

There has been growing interest in using photonic processors for performing neural network inference operations; however, these networks are currently trained using standard digital electronics. Here, we propose on-chip training of neural…

Predicting physical response of an artificially structured material is of particular interest for scientific and engineering applications. Here we use deep learning to predict optical response of artificially engineered nanophotonic…

Photonic integrated circuits have been extensively explored for optical processing with the aim of breaking the speed bottleneck of digital electronics. However, the input/output (IO) bottleneck remains one of the key barriers. Here we…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Minjia Chen , Yizhi Wang , Chunhui Yao , Adrian Wonfor , Shuai Yang , Richard Penty , Qixiang Cheng

We propose advancing photonic in-memory computing through three-dimensional photonic-electronic integrated circuits using phase-change materials (PCM) and AlGaAs-CMOS technology. These circuits offer high precision (greater than 12 bits),…

Over the past two decades, photonic inverse design has emerged as a powerful approach to implement photonic devices with improved performance, or realize new functionalities. While the efforts over the first decade focused on proof of…

Optics · Physics 2026-02-24 Louise Schul , Sydney Mason , Sungjun Eun , Geun Ho Ahn , Jelena Vučković

We describe a thermodynamic-inspired computing paradigm based on oscillatory neural networks (ONNs). While ONNs have been widely studied as Ising machines for tackling complex combinatorial optimization problems, this work investigates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-31 George Tsormpatzoglou , Filip Sabo , Aida Todri-Sanial