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In autonomous driving, mapping is critical for motion planning but remains an under-utilized resource for perception tasks such as 3D object detection. Maps can provide robust structural priors of the static environment, helping resolve…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Yang Fu , Yuliang Zou , Hao Xiang , Xin Huang , Yijing Bai , Chen Song , Weijing Shi , Govind Thattai , Dragomir Anguelov , Mingxing Tan , Yingwei Li

High-precision indoor sensing using monostatic multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar typically relies on increasing the physical aperture size of antennas, leading to high hardware complexity and cost. To overcome this bottleneck,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-20 Lang Qin , Zelin Liu , Rongjie Li , Zhiqiang Huang , Xiaoguang Liu

For 3D Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imaging, one typical approach is to achieve the cross-track 1D focusing for each range-azimuth pixel after obtaining a stack of 2D complex-valued images. The cross-track focusing is the main difficulty…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-08-28 Jingkun Gao , Bin Deng , Yuliang Qin , Hongqiang Wang , Xiang Li

There is rising interest in differentiable rendering, which allows explicitly modeling geometric priors and constraints in optimization pipelines using first-order methods such as backpropagation. Incorporating such domain knowledge can…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-09 Michael Wilmanski , Jonathan Tamir

In Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar (ISAR), random missing entries of the received radar echo matrix deteriorate the imaging quality, compromising target distinction from the background. Compressive sensing techniques or matrix completion…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-15 Necmettin Bayar , Isin Erer , Deniz Kumlu

Three-dimensional imaging plays an important role in imaging applications where it is necessary to record depth. The number of applications that use depth imaging is increasing rapidly, and examples include self-driving autonomous vehicles…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-21 Alice Ruget , Stephen McLaughlin , Robert K. Henderson , Istvan Gyongy , Abderrahim Halimi , Jonathan Leach

Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar has several advantages with respect to the traditional radar array systems in terms of performance and flexibility. However, in order to achieve high angular resolution, a MIMO radar requires a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-01 Himali Singh , Arpan Chattopadhyay

In the past ten years, there have been tremendous research progresses on massive MIMO systems, most of which stand from the communications viewpoint. A new trend of investigating massive MIMO, especially for the sparse scenario like…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-10-23 Mingjin Wang , Feifei Gao , Shi Jin , Hai Lin

Inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) images generated from single-channel automotive radar data provide critical information about the shape and size of automotive targets. However, the quality of ISAR images degrades due to road clutter…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-11 Devansh Mathur , Akanksha Sneh , Debojyoti Sarkar , Shobha Sundar Ram

In the area of near-field millimeter-wave imaging, the generalized sparse array synthesis (SAS) method is in great demand. The traditional methods usually employ the greedy algorithms, which may have the convergence problem. This paper…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-08-10 Shuoguang Wang , Shiyong Li , Ahmad Hoorfar , Ke Miao , Guoqiang Zhao , Houjun Sun

Sparse array designs have focused mostly on angular resolution, peak sidelobe level and directivity factor of virtual arrays for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar. The notion of the MIMO radar virtual array is based on the direct…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-17 Xuchen Li , Ronghao Lin , Hing Cheung So

This paper studies spatial smoothing using sparse arrays in single-snapshot Direction of Arrival (DOA) estimation. We consider the application of automotive MIMO radar, which traditionally synthesizes a large uniform virtual array by…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-15 Yinyan Bu , Robin Rajamäki , Pulak Sarangi , Piya Pal

In this work, we propose a general framework for wireless imaging in distributed MIMO wideband communication systems, considering multi-view non-isotropic targets and near-field propagation effects. For indoor scenarios where the objective…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-26 Kangda Zhi , Tianyu Yang , Shuangyang Li , Yi Song , Amir Rezaei , Giuseppe Caire

This paper surveys recent advances in the area of very large MIMO systems. With very large MIMO, we think of systems that use antenna arrays with an order of magnitude more elements than in systems being built today, say a hundred antennas…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-06-03 Fredrik Rusek , Daniel Persson , Buon Kiong Lau , Erik G. Larsson , Thomas L. Marzetta , Ove Edfors , Fredrik Tufvesson

Retrieving range information in three-dimensional (3D) radio imaging is particularly challenging due to the limited communication bandwidth and pilot resources. To address this issue, we consider a reconfigurable intelligent surface…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Yixuan Huang , Jie Yang , Chao-Kai Wen , Shi Jin

To address the major challenges to obtain high spatial resolution in snapshot hyperspectral imaging, 3D printed glass lightguide array has been developed to sample the intermediate image in high spatial resolution and redistribute the…

Optics · Physics 2022-10-21 Zhihan Hong , Yuanyuan Sun , Piaoran Ye , Douglas A. Loy , Rongguang Liang

This paper deals with the analysis, estimation, and compensation of trajectory errors in automotive-based Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) systems. First of all, we define the geometry of the acquisition and the model of the received signal.…

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) tomography (TomoSAR) enables the reconstruction and three-dimensional (3D) localization of targets based on multiple two-dimensional (2D) observations of the same scene. The resolving along the elevation…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-27 Silin Gao , Zhe Zhang , Bingchen Zhang , Yirong Wu

The estimation of uncertainty in robotic vision, such as 3D object detection, is an essential component in developing safe autonomous systems aware of their own performance. However, the deployment of current uncertainty estimation methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-27 Matthew Pitropov , Chengjie Huang , Vahdat Abdelzad , Krzysztof Czarnecki , Steven Waslander

Multiple input multiple output (MIMO) radar exhibits several advantages with respect to traditional radar array systems in terms of flexibility and performance. However, MIMO radar poses new challenges for both hardware design and digital…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-08-30 David Cohen , Deborah Cohen , Yonina C. Eldar , Alexander M. Haimovich