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The {\it prime graph} $\Gamma(G)$ of a finite group $G$ is the graph whose vertex set is the set of prime divisors of $|G|$ and in which two distinct vertices $r$ and $s$ are adjacent if and only if there exists an element of $G$ of order…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2019-11-15 Ilya Gorshkov , Alexey Staroletov

For a ring $R$, the zero-divisor graph is a simple graph $\Gamma(R)$ whose vertex set is the set of all non-zero zero-divisors in a ring $R$, and two distinct vertices $x$ and $y$ are adjacent if and only if $xy=0$ or $yx=0$ in $R$. By…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2023-12-18 Krishnat Masalkar , Anil Khairnar , Anita Lande , Lata Kadam

In this paper we study the realizability question for commuting graphs of finite groups: Given an undirected graph $X$ is it the commuting graph of a group $G$? And if so, to determine such a group. We seek efficient algorithms for this…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2022-06-03 V. Arvind , Peter. J. Cameron

Let $G$ be a finite non-cyclic group. The non-cyclic graph $\Gamma_G$ of $G$ is the graph whose vertex set is $G\setminus Cyc(G)$, two distinct vertices being adjacent if they do not generate a cyclic subgroup, where $Cyc(G)=\{a\in G:…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2015-12-04 Xuanlong Ma

A graph $\Gamma$ is called edge-regular whenever it is regular and for any two adjacent vertices, the number of their common neighbors is independent of the choice of vertices. A clique $C$ in $\Gamma$ is called regular whenever for any…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-09 Mojtaba Jazaeri

A finite graph $\Gamma$ is called $G$-symmetric if $G$ is a group of automorphisms of $\Gamma$ which is transitive on the set of ordered pairs of adjacent vertices of $\Gamma$. We study a family of symmetric graphs, called the unitary…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-03-25 Massimo Giulietti , Stefano Marcugini , Fernanda Pambianco , Sanming Zhou

We characterize connected tetravalent graphs $\Gamma$ which admit groups $M<H$ of automorphisms such that $\Gamma$ is $M$-half-arc-transitive and $H$-arc-transitive. Examples for each case are constructed, including a counter-example to a…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-12-29 Yuandong Li , Binzhou Xia , Jin-Xin Zhou

We prove that the diameter of the commuting graph of the full ma- trix ring over the real numbers is at most five. This answers, in the affir- mative, a conjecture proposed by Akbari-Mohammadian-radjavi-Raja, for the special case of the…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2013-01-11 C. Miguel

A vertex set $S$ of a graph $G$ is a \emph{dominating set} if each vertex of $G$ either belongs to $S$ or is adjacent to a vertex in $S$. The \emph{domination number} $\gamma(G)$ of $G$ is the minimum cardinality of $S$ as $S$ varies over…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-09-16 Cong X. Kang

In a recent paper C. Miguel proved that the diameter of the commuting graph of the matrix ring $\mathrm{M}_n(\mathbb{R})$ is equal to $4$ either if $n=3$ or $n>4$. But the case $n=4$ remained open, since the diameter could be $4$ or $5$. In…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2014-12-02 Jose Maria Grau , Antonio Oller-Marcen , Carmen Tasis

The unitary Cayley graph $C_R$ of a finite unital ring $R$ is the simple graph with vertex set $R$ in which two elements $x$ and $y$ are connected by an edge if and only if $x-y$ is a unit of $R$. We characterize the unitary Cayley graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-03-22 Waldemar Hołubowski , Sergiy Kozerenko , Bogdana Oliynyk , Viktoriia Solomko

Let $\Gamma=\Gamma(A)$ denote a simple strongly connected digraph with vertex set $X$, diameter $D$, and let $\{A_0,A:=A_1,A_2,\ldots,A_D\}$ denote the set of distance-$i$ matrices of $\Gamma$. Let $\{R_i\}_{i=0}^D$ denote a partition of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-04-08 Giusy Monzillo , Safet Penić

In this paper we classify cubic vertex-transitive graphs of girth $7$, based on their signature. Such a graph is either a truncation of an arc-transitive dihedral scheme on a $7$-regular graph, the skeleton of a rotary map of type…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-28 Maruša Lekše , Micael Toledo

For a finite group $G$, let $B$ be an equivalence (equality, conjugacy or order) relation on $G$ and let $A$ be a (power, enhanced power or commuting) graph with vertex set $G$. The $B$ super $A$ graph is a simple graph with vertex set $G$…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2022-10-27 Sandeep Dalal , Sanjay Mukherjee , Kamal Lochan Patra

Given a finite group $G$ with a normal subgroup $N$, the simple graph $\Gamma_\textit{G}( \textit{N} )$ is a graph whose vertices are of the form $|x^G|$, where $x\in{N\setminus{Z(G)}}$, and $x^G$ is the $G$-conjugacy class of $N$…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2020-06-08 Shabnam Rahimi

Suppose that $R$ is a finite commutative ring with identity. The involutory Cayley graph $\G(R)$ of $R$ is the graph whose vertices are the elements of $R$, and two distinct vertices $x$ and $y$ are adjacent if and only if $(x-y)^2=1$. In…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-05 Hamide Keshavarzi , Babak Amini , Afshin Amini , Shahin Rahimi

The intersection graph of ideals associated with a commutative unitary ring $R$ is the graph $G(R)$ whose vertices all non-trivial ideals of $R$ and there exists an edge between distinct vertices if and only if the intersection of them is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-09-26 E. Dodongeh , A. Moussavi , R. Nikandish

Let $Z(G)$ be the centre of a finite non-abelian group $G.$ The non-commuting graph of $G$ is a simple undirected graph with vertex set $G\setminus Z(G),$ and two vertices $u$ and $v$ are adjacent if and only if $uv\ne vu.$ In this paper,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-08-02 Jharna Kalita , Somnath Paul

Let R be a commutative ring with a non-zero identity. In this paper, we define a new graph, the compressed intersection annihilator graph, denoted by $IA(R)$, and investigate some of its theoretical properties and its relation with the…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2020-02-14 Mayssa Soliman , Nefertiti Megahed

The commuting graph of a finite non-commutative semigroup $S$, denoted $\cg(S)$, is a simple graph whose vertices are the non-central elements of $S$ and two distinct vertices $x,y$ are adjacent if $xy=yx$. Let $\mi(X)$ be the symmetric…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-05-09 João Araújo , Wolfram Bentz , Janusz Konieczny