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Evaluating factual accuracy in Large Language Model (LLM)-generated clinical text is a critical barrier to adoption, as expert review is unscalable for the continuous quality assurance these systems require. We address this challenge with…

Factuality evaluation aims to detect factual errors produced by language models (LMs) and hence guide the development of more factual models. Towards this goal, we train a factuality evaluator, FenCE, that provides LM generators with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Yiqing Xie , Wenxuan Zhou , Pradyot Prakash , Di Jin , Yuning Mao , Quintin Fettes , Arya Talebzadeh , Sinong Wang , Han Fang , Carolyn Rose , Daniel Fried , Hejia Zhang

In an age characterized by the proliferation of mis- and disinformation online, it is critical to empower readers to understand the content they are reading. Important efforts in this direction rely on manual or automatic fact-checking,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Zain Muhammad Mujahid , Dilshod Azizov , Maha Tufail Agro , Preslav Nakov

The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) has significantly transformed the AI landscape, enhancing machine learning and AI capabilities. Factuality issue is a critical concern for LLMs, as they may generate factually incorrect responses.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Xiaoze Liu , Feijie Wu , Tianyang Xu , Zhuo Chen , Yichi Zhang , Xiaoqian Wang , Jing Gao

Large Language Models (LLMs) are widely used to support software developers in tasks such as code generation, optimization, and documentation. However, their ability to improve existing programming answers in a human-like manner remains…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Suborno Deb Bappon , Saikat Mondal , Chanchal K. Roy , Kevin Schneider

Trustworthiness is a core research challenge for agentic AI systems built on Large Language Models (LLMs). To enhance trust, natural language claims from diverse sources, including human-written text, web content, and model outputs, are…

From grading papers to summarizing medical documents, large language models (LLMs) are evermore used for evaluation of text generated by humans and AI alike. However, despite their extensive utility, LLMs exhibit distinct failure modes,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-28 Hosein Hasanbeig , Hiteshi Sharma , Leo Betthauser , Felipe Vieira Frujeri , Ida Momennejad

Evaluating Large Language Models (LLMs) with respect to real-world code complexity is essential. Otherwise, there is a risk of overestimating LLMs' programming abilities based on simplistic benchmarks, only to be disappointed when using…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Yang Chen , Shuyang Liu , Reyhaneh Jabbarvand

The factual knowledge acquired during pre-training and stored in the parameters of Language Models (LMs) can be useful in downstream tasks (e.g., question answering or textual inference). However, some facts can be incorrectly induced or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-10 Nicola De Cao , Wilker Aziz , Ivan Titov

As Large Language Models (LLMs) become more pervasive across various users and scenarios, identifying potential issues when using these models becomes essential. Examples of such issues include: bias, inconsistencies, and hallucination.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Maryam Amirizaniani , Jihan Yao , Adrian Lavergne , Elizabeth Snell Okada , Aman Chadha , Tanya Roosta , Chirag Shah

We study the efficacy of fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) for the specific task of report (government archives, news, intelligence reports) summarization. While this topic is being very actively researched - our specific application…

Large Language Model (LLM) agents increasingly act through external tools, making their safety contingent on tool-call workflows rather than text generation alone. While recent benchmarks evaluate agents across diverse environments and risk…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Xuan Chen , Lu Yan , Ruqi Zhang , Xiangyu Zhang

Manufacturing quality audits are pivotal for ensuring high product standards in mass production environments. Traditional auditing processes, however, are labor-intensive and reliant on human expertise, posing challenges in maintaining…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Xu Yao , Xiaoxu Wu , Xi Li , Huan Xu , Chenlei Li , Ping Huang , Si Li , Xiaoning Ma , Jiulong Shan

Factual inconsistencies pose a significant hurdle for the faithful summarization by generative models. While a major direction to enhance inconsistency detection is to derive stronger Natural Language Inference (NLI) models, we propose an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Liyan Xu , Zhenlin Su , Mo Yu , Jin Xu , Jinho D. Choi , Jie Zhou , Fei Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools for generating data across various modalities. By transforming data from a scarce resource into a controllable asset, LLMs mitigate the bottlenecks imposed by the acquisition costs…

While Large Language Models (LLMs) can amplify online misinformation, they also show promise in tackling misinformation. In this paper, we empirically study the capabilities of three LLMs -- ChatGPT, Gemini, and Claude -- in countering…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Adiba Mahbub Proma , Neeley Pate , James Druckman , Gourab Ghoshal , Hangfeng He , Ehsan Hoque

Verifiable generation aims to let the large language model (LLM) generate text with supporting documents, which enables the user to flexibly verify the answer and makes the LLM's output more reliable. Retrieval plays a crucial role in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Xiaonan Li , Changtai Zhu , Linyang Li , Zhangyue Yin , Tianxiang Sun , Xipeng Qiu

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit extensive medical knowledge but are prone to hallucinations and inaccurate citations, which pose a challenge to their clinical adoption and regulatory compliance. Current methods, such as Retrieval…

Large language models (LLMs) are widely used in knowledge-intensive applications but often generate factually incorrect responses. A promising approach to rectify these flaws is correcting LLMs using feedback. Therefore, in this paper, we…

Software comments are critical for human understanding of software, and as such many comment generation techniques have been proposed. However, we find that a systematic evaluation of the factual accuracy of generated comments is rare; only…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Sungmin Kang , Louis Milliken , Shin Yoo