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Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite networks are integral to next-generation communication systems, providing global coverage, low latency, and minimal signal loss. However, their unique characteristics, such as constrained onboard resources,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-01 Zhisheng Yin , Yonghong Liu , Dongbo Li , Nan Cheng , Linlin Liang , Changle Li , Jie Liu

Beamforming in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems should take interference mitigation into account. However, for beamform design, accurate channel state information (CSI) is needed, which is often difficult to obtain due to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-27 Alexander Bonora , Anna V. Guglielmi , Davide Scazzoli , Marco Giordani , Maurizio Magarini , Vineeth Teeda , Stefano Tomasin

Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite networks are capable of improving the global Internet service coverage. In this context, we propose a hybrid beamforming design for holographic metasurface based terrestrial users in multi-altitude LEO…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Qingchao Li , Mohammed El-Hajjar , Kaijun Cao , Chao Xu , Harald Haas , Lajos Hanzo

Low earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication networks have been considered as promising solutions to providing high data rate and seamless coverage, where satellite beam management plays a key role. However, due to the limitation of beam…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Jianfeng Zhu , Yaohua Sun , Mugen Peng

High-rate satellite communications among hundreds and even thousands of satellites deployed at low-Earth orbits (LEO) will be an important element of the forthcoming sixth-generation (6G) of wireless systems beyond 2030. With millimeter…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Sergi Aliaga , Vitaly Petrov , Josep M. Jornet

This paper proposes a relay satellite assisted low earth orbit (LEO) constellation non-orthogonal multiple access combined beamforming (R-NOMA-BF) communication system, where multiple antenna LEO satellites deliver information to ground…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-05 Xuyang Zhang , Xinwei Yue , Zhihao Han , Tian Li , Xia Shen , Yafei Wang , Rongke Liu

The growing availability of low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellites, coupled with the anticipated widespread deployment of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs), opens up promising prospects for new localization paradigms. This paper studies…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-15 Lei Wang , Pinjun Zheng , Xing Liu , Tarig Ballal , Tareq Y. Al-Naffouri

Low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellations are emerging as a key enabler of next-generation communications, offering global coverage and significantly lower latency compared to traditional terrestrial networks and geostationary…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-01 Mohammad Taghi Dabiri , Mazen Hasna , Saud Althunibat , Khalid Qaraqe

This paper proposes the transmission of beacon signals to alert potential interferers of an ongoing or impending passive sensing measurement. We focus on the interference from Low-Earth Orbiting (LEO) satellites to a radio-telescope. We…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-21 Cuneyd Ozturk , Randall A. Berry , Dongning Guo , Michael L. Honig , Frank D. Lind

Low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellations play a pivotal role in sixth-generation (6G) wireless networks by providing global coverage, massive connections, and huge capacity. In this paper, we present a novel LEO satellite…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Wenfei Yao , Xiaoming Chen , Qi Wang , Xingyu Peng

Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite networks introduce unique congestion control (CC) challenges due to frequent handovers, rapidly changing round-trip times (RTTs), and non-congestive loss. This paper presents the first comprehensive,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Mihai Mazilu , Aiden Valentine , George Parisis

Low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites offer a promising alternative to global navigation satellite systems for precise positioning; however, their relatively low altitudes make them more susceptible to orbital perturbations, which in turn…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-11 Jie Ma , Pinjun Zheng , Xing Liu , Yuchen Zhang , Ali A. Nasir , Tareq Y. Al-Naffouri

Low earth orbit (LEO) satellite systems with sensing functionality are envisioned to facilitate global-coverage service and emerging applications in 6G. Currently, two fundamental challenges, namely, inter-beam interference among users and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-16 Ziang Liu , Longfei Yin , Wonjae Shin , Bruno Clerckx

The extension of wide area wireless connectivity to low-earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication systems demands a fresh look at the effects of in-orbit base stations, sky-to-ground propagation, and cell planning. A multi-beam LEO…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-15 Eunsun Kim , Ian P. Roberts , Jeffrey G. Andrews

Due to the ultra-dense constellation, efficient beam coverage and interference mitigation are crucial to low-earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication systems, while the conventional directional antennas and fixed-position antenna (FPA)…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-04-25 Lipeng Zhu , Xiangyu Pi , Wenyan Ma , Zhenyu Xiao , Rui Zhang

Conventional antenna arrays rely primarily on digital beamforming for spatial control. While adding more elements can narrow beamwidth and suppress interference, such scaling incurs prohibitive hardware and power costs. Rotatable antennas…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-29 Xingxiang Peng , Qingqing Wu , Ziyuan Zheng , Wen Chen , Yanze Zhu , Ying Gao

A mega-constellation of low-earth orbit (LEO) satellites has the potential to enable long-range communication with low latency. Integrating this with burgeoning unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) assisted non-terrestrial networks will be a…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-05-27 Ju-Hyung Lee , Jihong Park , Mehdi Bennis , Young-Chai Ko

Large Low Earth Orbit (LEO) constellations (e.g., Starlink and Iridium) significantly increase the likelihood of transient, high-power interference events at ground receivers. This report presents SatTrack, a GUI-driven simulation framework…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-24 J. M. Santana , L. Heller , R. M. Buehrer

5G and future cellular networks intend to incorporate low earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication systems (SatCom) to solve the coverage and availability problems that cannot be addressed by satellite-based or ground-based infrastructure…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-08 Joan Palacios , Nuria Gonzalez-Prelcic , Carlos Mosquera , Takayuki Shimizu , Chang-Heng Wang

Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) and ubiquitous connectivity are two usage scenarios of sixth generation (6G) networks. In this context, low earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellations, as an important component of 6G networks, is…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Qi Wang , Xiaoming Chen , Qiao Qi , Mili Li , Wolfgang Gerstacker