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We study the $(a:b)$ Maker-Breaker subgraph game played on the edges of the complete graph $K_n$ on $n$ vertices, $n,a,b \in \mathbb{N}$ where the goal of Maker is to build a copy of a specific fixed subgraph $H$. In our work this is a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-06-18 Adnane Fouadi , Mourad El Ouali , Anand Srivastav

Online Ramsey game is played between Builder and Painter on an infinite board $K_{\mathbb N}$. In every round Builder selects an edge, then Painter colors it red or blue. Both know target graphs $H_1$ and $H_2$. Builder aims to create…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-03-28 Grzegorz Adamski , Małgorzata Bednarska-Bzdȩga , Václav Blažej

In the game of Scrabble, letter tiles are drawn uniformly at random from a bag. The variability of possible draws as the game progresses is a source of variation that makes it more likely for an inferior player to win a head-to-head match…

Applications · Statistics 2011-11-02 Andrew C. Thomas

Two players alternate tossing a biased coin where the probability of getting heads is p. The current player is awarded alpha points for tails and alpha+beta for heads. The first player reaching n points wins. For a completely unfair coin…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-12-15 Robert W. Chen , Burton Rosenberg

We introduce a general framework for positional games in which players score points by claiming a prescribed portion of each winning set, extending the notion of scoring Maker-Breaker games. In the scoring variant, Maker gains a point by…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Eric Duchêne , Valentin Gledel , Miloš Stojaković

Consider the following game played by two players, called Waiter and Client, on the edges of $K_n$ (where $n$ is divisible by $3$). Initially, all the edges are unclaimed. In each round, Waiter picks two yet unclaimed edges. Client then…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-05-10 Vojtěch Dvořák

Graph pebbling is a game played on a connected graph G. A player purchases pebbles at a dollar a piece, and hands them to an adversary who distributes them among the vertices of G (called a configuration) and chooses a target vertex r. The…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-11-21 D. Curtis , T. Hines , G. Hurlbert , T. Moyer

Let $V$ be a multiset of $n$ points in $\mathbb{R}^d$, which we call voters, and let $k\geq 1$ and $\ell\geq 1$ be two given constants. We consider the following game, where two players $\mathcal{P}$ and $\mathcal{Q}$ compete over the…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2019-02-26 Mark de Berg , Sándor Kisfaludi-Bak , Mehran Mehr

In numerous positional games the identity of the winner is easily determined. In this case one of the more interesting questions is not {\em who} wins but rather {\em how fast} can one win. These type of problems were studied earlier for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-06-03 Dan Hefetz , Michael Krivelevich , Miloš Stojaković , Tibor Szabó

We investigate Maker-Breaker games on graphs of size $\aleph_1$ in which Maker's goal is to build a copy of the host graph. We establish a firm dependence of the outcome of the game on the axiomatic framework. Relating to this, we prove…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-16 Nathan Bowler , Florian Gut , Attila Joó , Max Pitz

We prove that a sufficiently strong parallel repetition theorem for a special case of multiplayer (multiprover) games implies super-linear lower bounds for multi-tape Turing machines with advice. To the best of our knowledge, this is the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2020-11-30 Kunal Mittal , Ran Raz

In the $\left(1:b\right)$ component game played on a graph $G$, two players, Maker and Breaker, alternately claim~$1$ and~$b$ previously unclaimed edges of $G$, respectively. Maker's aim is to maximise the size of a largest connected…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-12-18 Rani Hod , Michael Krivelevich , Tobias Müller , Alon Naor , Nicholas Wormald

For a graph G, a monotone increasing graph property P and positive integer q, we define the Client-Waiter game to be a two-player game which runs as follows. In each turn Waiter is offering Client a subset of at least one and at most q+1…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-03-18 Oren Dean , Michael Krivelevich

We study the Maker-Breaker $H$-game played on the edge set of the random graph $G_{n,p}$. In this game two players, Maker and Breaker, alternately claim unclaimed edges of $G_{n,p}$, until all the edges are claimed. Maker wins if he claims…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-01-20 Rajko Nenadov , Angelika Steger , Miloš Stojaković

We investigate a game played between two players, Maker and Breaker, on a countably infinite complete graph where the vertices are the rational numbers. The players alternately claim unclaimed edges. It is Maker's goal to have after…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-12-23 Nathan Bowler , Florian Gut

We study the parameterized complexity of several positional games. Our main result is that Short Generalized Hex is W[1]-complete parameterized by the number of moves. This solves an open problem from Downey and Fellows' influential list of…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2017-04-28 Édouard Bonnet , Serge Gaspers , Antonin Lambilliotte , Stefan Rümmele , Abdallah Saffidine

We study variations on combinatorial games in which, instead of alternating moves, the players bid with discrete bidding chips for the right to determine who moves next. We consider both symmetric and partisan games, and explore differences…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-07-13 Mike Develin , Sam Payne

Consider a two-player game repeated N times. Player 1 can choose between two styles (for interpretability, offensive and defensive), whereas Player 2 uses a single fixed style. Let X N\,:= \#wins -\#losses for Player 1 after N games, and…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Jonatha ANSELMI , Bruno Gaujal

We study a generalisation of B\"uchi-Landweber games to the timed setting. The winning condition is specified by a non-deterministic timed automaton with epsilon transitions and only Player I can elapse time. We show that for fixed number…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2020-04-28 Lorenzo Clemente , Sławomir Lasota , Radosław Piórkowski

We study a random game in which two players in turn play a fixed number of moves. For each move, there are two possible choices. To each possible outcome of the game we assign a winner in an i.i.d. fashion with a fixed parameter p. In the…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-09-05 Natalia Cardona-Tobón , Anja Sturm , Jan M. Swart