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Related papers: User Privacy Harms and Risks in Conversational AI:…

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Artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping society, from video generation to medical diagnosis, coding agents to autonomous vehicles. Yet researchers, policymakers, and technology companies lack shared terminology for discussing AI risks.…

As AI chatbots increasingly incorporate empathy, understanding user-centered perceptions of chatbot empathy and its impact on conversation quality remains essential yet under-explored. This study examines how chatbot identity and perceived…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Tingting Liu , Salvatore Giorgi , Ankit Aich , Allison Lahnala , Brenda Curtis , Lyle Ungar , João Sedoc

Alignment research on large language models (LLMs) increasingly depends on understanding how these systems are used in everyday contexts. Yet naturalistic interaction data is difficult to access due to privacy constraints and platform…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Cathy Mengying Fang , Sheer Karny , Chayapatr Archiwaranguprok , Yasith Samaradivakara , Pat Pataranutaporn , Pattie Maes

LLM-based Conversational AIs (CAIs), also known as GenAI chatbots, like ChatGPT, are increasingly used across various domains, but they pose privacy risks, as users may disclose personal information during their conversations with CAIs.…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Xiao Zhan , Juan Carlos Carrillo , William Seymour , Jose Such

As a general purpose technology without a concrete pre-defined purpose, personal chatbots can be used for a whole range of objectives, depending on the personal needs, contexts, and tasks of an individual, and so potentially impact a…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Kimon Kieslich , Natali Helberger , Nicholas Diakopoulos

Artificial intelligence based chatbots have brought unprecedented business potential. This study aims to explore consumers trust and response to a text-based chatbot in ecommerce, involving the moderating effects of task complexity and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Xusen Cheng , Ying Bao , Alex Zarifis , Wankun Gong , Jian Mou

Artificially intelligent chatbot, such as ChatGPT, represents a recent and powerful advancement in the AI domain. Users prefer them for obtaining quick and precise answers, avoiding the usual hassle of clicking through multiple links in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Seraj A. M. Mostafa , Md Z. Islam , Mohammad Z. Islam , Fairose Jeehan , Saujanna Jafreen , Raihan U. Islam

Background: Patient-facing medical chatbots based on retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) are increasingly promoted to deliver accessible, grounded health information. AI-assisted development lowers the barrier to building them, but they…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Alfredo Madrid-García , Miguel Rujas

As conversational AI systems become more realistic and widely deployed, users are increasingly uncertain about whether they are interacting with a human or an AI system. When AI identity is unclear, users may unwittingly share sensitive…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Anna Gausen , Sarenne Wallbridge , Hannah Rose Kirk , Jennifer Williams , Christopher Summerfield

Designing conversational user interface experience is complicated because conversation comes with many expectations. When these expectations are met, we feel the interface is natural, but once violated, we feel something is amiss. The last…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2018-02-27 Ahmed Fadhil

Conversational AI systems are becoming famous in day to day lives. In this paper, we are trying to address the following key question: To identify whether design, as well as development efforts for search oriented conversational AI are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-09-15 Mahipal Jadeja , Neelanshi Varia

Conversational AI systems exhibit a level of human-like behavior that promises to have profound impacts on many aspects of daily life -- how people access information, create content, and seek social support. Yet these models have also…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Christopher M. Homan , Greg Serapio-Garcia , Lora Aroyo , Mark Diaz , Alicia Parrish , Vinodkumar Prabhakaran , Alex S. Taylor , Ding Wang

The rapid and wide-scale adoption of AI to generate human speech poses a range of significant ethical and safety risks to society that need to be addressed. For example, a growing number of speech generation incidents are associated with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-16 Wiebke Hutiri , Oresiti Papakyriakopoulos , Alice Xiang

Personalized AI agents rely on access to a user's digital footprint, which often includes sensitive data from private emails, chats and purchase histories. Yet this access creates a fundamental societal and privacy risk: systems lacking…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Srija Mukhopadhyay , Sathwik Reddy , Shruthi Muthukumar , Jisun An , Ponnurangam Kumaraguru

Chatbots are intelligent conversational computer systems designed to mimic human conversation to enable automated online guidance and support. The increased benefits of chatbots led to their wide adoption by many industries in order to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Guendalina Caldarini , Sardar Jaf , Kenneth McGarry

Chatbots, the common moniker for collaborative assistants, are Artificial Intelligence (AI) software that enables people to naturally interact with them to get tasks done. Although chatbots have been studied since the dawn of AI, they have…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-09-15 Biplav Srivastava , Kausik Lakkaraju , Tarmo Koppel , Vignesh Narayanan , Ashish Kundu , Sachindra Joshi

Large Language Models (LLMs) represent a significant advancement in artificial intelligence, finding applications across various domains. However, their reliance on massive internet-sourced datasets for training brings notable privacy…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Michele Miranda , Elena Sofia Ruzzetti , Andrea Santilli , Fabio Massimo Zanzotto , Sébastien Bratières , Emanuele Rodolà

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) has emerged as a pillar of Trustworthy AI and aims to bring transparency in complex models that are opaque by nature. Despite the benefits of incorporating explanations in models, an urgent need is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Sonal Allana , Mohan Kankanhalli , Rozita Dara

This paper comprehensively explores the ethical challenges arising from security threats to Large Language Models (LLMs). These intricate digital repositories are increasingly integrated into our daily lives, making them prime targets for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Ashutosh Kumar , Shiv Vignesh Murthy , Sagarika Singh , Swathy Ragupathy

As large language models (LLMs) have proliferated, disturbing anecdotal reports of negative psychological effects, such as delusions, self-harm, and ``AI psychosis,'' have emerged in global media and legal discourse. However, it remains…

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