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Deep learning models are sensitive to domain shift phenomena. A model trained on images from one domain cannot generalise well when tested on images from a different domain, despite capturing similar anatomical structures. It is mainly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Sulaiman Vesal , Mingxuan Gu , Ronak Kosti , Andreas Maier , Nishant Ravikumar

While the design of blind image quality assessment (IQA) algorithms has improved significantly, the distribution shift between the training and testing scenarios often leads to a poor performance of these methods at inference time. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-27 Subhadeep Roy , Shankhanil Mitra , Soma Biswas , Rajiv Soundararajan

This paper presents an effective and general data augmentation framework for medical image segmentation. We adopt a computationally efficient and data-efficient gradient-based meta-learning scheme to explicitly align the distribution of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Zeju Li , Konstantinos Kamnitsas , Qi Dou , Chen Qin , Ben Glocker

Test-Time Adaptation (TTA) addresses domain shifts between training and testing. However, existing methods assume a homogeneous target domain (e.g., single domain) at any given time. They fail to handle the dynamic nature of real-world…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Chuyang Ye , Dongyan Wei , Zhendong Liu , Yuanyi Pang , Yixi Lin , Qinting Jiang , Jingyan Jiang , Dongbiao He

The main challenge in domain generalization (DG) is to handle the distribution shift problem that lies between the training and test data. Recent studies suggest that test-time training (TTT), which adapts the learned model with test data,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Liang Chen , Yong Zhang , Yibing Song , Ying Shan , Lingqiao Liu

Test-Time Adaptation (TTA) has recently emerged as a promising strategy for tackling the problem of machine learning model robustness under distribution shifts by adapting the model during inference without access to any labels. Because of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Sebastian Cygert , Damian Sójka , Tomasz Trzciński , Bartłomiej Twardowski

A model must adapt itself to generalize to new and different data during testing. In this setting of fully test-time adaptation the model has only the test data and its own parameters. We propose to adapt by test entropy minimization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-19 Dequan Wang , Evan Shelhamer , Shaoteng Liu , Bruno Olshausen , Trevor Darrell

Deep learning models often struggle under natural distribution shifts, a common challenge in real-world deployments. Test-Time Adaptation (TTA) addresses this by adapting models during inference without labeled source data. We present the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-23 John Turnbull , Shivam Grover , Amin Jalali , Ali Etemad

Test-time adaption (TTA) has witnessed important progress in recent years, the prevailing methods typically first encode the image and the text and design strategies to model the association between them. Meanwhile, the image encoder is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Yaxiong Wang , Zhenqiang Zhang , Lechao Cheng , Zhun Zhong , Dan Guo , Meng Wang

Recently, test-time adaptation (TTA) has been proposed as a promising solution for addressing distribution shifts. It allows a base model to adapt to an unforeseen distribution during inference by leveraging the information from the batch…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-07 Tong Wu , Feiran Jia , Xiangyu Qi , Jiachen T. Wang , Vikash Sehwag , Saeed Mahloujifar , Prateek Mittal

Test-Time Adaptation (TTA) adjusts models using unlabeled test data to handle dynamic distribution shifts. However, existing methods rely on frequent adaptation and high computational cost, making them unsuitable for resource-constrained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Hyeongheon Cha , Dong Min Kim , Hye Won Chung , Taesik Gong , Sung-Ju Lee

Deep learning models perform poorly when domain shifts exist between training and test data. Test-time adaptation (TTA) is a paradigm to mitigate this issue by adapting pre-trained models using only unlabeled test samples. However, existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Taeckyung Lee , Sorn Chottananurak , Junsu Kim , Jinwoo Shin , Taesik Gong , Sung-Ju Lee

Reliable long-term decoding of surface electromyography (EMG) is hindered by signal drift caused by electrode shifts, muscle fatigue, and posture changes. While state-of-the-art models achieve high intra-session accuracy, their performance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Nia Touko , Matthew O A Ellis , Cristiano Capone , Alessio Burrello , Elisa Donati , Luca Manneschi

Data augmentation is known to contribute significantly to the robustness of machine learning models. In most instances, data augmentation is utilized during the training phase. Test-Time Augmentation (TTA) is a technique that instead…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-09-20 Masanari Kimura , Howard Bondell

The third autoPET challenge introduced a new data-centric task this year, shifting the focus from model development to improving metastatic lesion segmentation on PET/CT images through data quality and handling strategies. In response, we…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-17 Balint Kovacs , Shuhan Xiao , Maximilian Rokuss , Constantin Ulrich , Fabian Isensee , Klaus H. Maier-Hein

Test-Time adaptation (TTA) aims to enhance model robustness against distribution shifts through rapid model adaptation during inference. While existing TTA methods often rely on entropy-based unsupervised training and achieve promising…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Zixuan Hu , Yichun Hu , Ling-Yu Duan

High resolution micro-ultrasound has demonstrated promise in real-time prostate cancer detection, with deep learning becoming a prominent tool for learning complex tissue properties reflected on ultrasound. However, a significant roadblock…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Mahdi Gilany , Mohamed Harmanani , Paul Wilson , Minh Nguyen Nhat To , Amoon Jamzad , Fahimeh Fooladgar , Brian Wodlinger , Purang Abolmaesumi , Parvin Mousavi

One major problem in deep learning-based solutions for medical imaging is the drop in performance when a model is tested on a data distribution different from the one that it is trained on. Adapting the source model to target data…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-14 Jeya Maria Jose Valanarasu , Pengfei Guo , Vibashan VS , Vishal M. Patel

In medical image segmentation tasks, the domain gap caused by the difference in data collection between training and testing data seriously hinders the deployment of pre-trained models in clinical practice. Continual Test-Time Adaptation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Xiaogang Du , Jiawei Zhang , Tongfei Liu , Tao Lei , Yingbo Wang

Intraoperative hypotension (IOH) poses significant surgical risks, but accurate prediction remains challenging due to patient-specific variability. While test-time adaptation (TTA) offers a promising approach for personalized prediction,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Kanxue Li , Yibing Zhan , Hua Jin , Chongchong Qi , Xu Lin , Baosheng Yu
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