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Audio-Visual Speech Recognition (AVSR) enhances robustness in noisy environments by integrating visual cues. While recent advances integrate Large Language Models (LLMs) into AVSR, their high computational cost hinders deployment in…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-22 Umberto Cappellazzo , Minsu Kim , Stavros Petridis , Daniele Falavigna , Alessio Brutti

Despite recent advancements in speech processing, zero-resource speech translation (ST) and automatic speech recognition (ASR) remain challenging problems. In this work, we propose to leverage a multilingual Large Language Model (LLM) to…

We present a joint Speech and Language Model (SLM), a multitask, multilingual, and dual-modal model that takes advantage of pretrained foundational speech and language models. SLM freezes the pretrained foundation models to maximally…

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) is traditionally evaluated using Word Error Rate (WER), a metric that is insensitive to meaning. Embedding-based semantic metrics are better correlated with human perception, but decoder-based Large…

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems normally consist of an acoustic model (AM) and a language model (LM). The acoustic model estimates the probability distribution of text given the input speech, while the language model calibrates…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Qingliang Meng , Pengju Ren , Tian Li , Changsong Dai , Huizhi Liang

Lip Reading, or Visual Automatic Speech Recognition (V-ASR), is a complex task requiring the interpretation of spoken language exclusively from visual cues, primarily lip movements and facial expressions. This task is especially challenging…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Marshall Thomas , Edward Fish , Richard Bowden

Language models (LMs) have been commonly adopted to boost the performance of automatic speech recognition (ASR) particularly in domain adaptation tasks. Conventional way of LM training treats all the words in corpora equally, resulting in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Yingyi Ma , Zhe Liu , Ozlem Kalinli

The outstanding accuracy achieved by modern Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems is enabling them to quickly become a mainstream technology. ASR is essential for many applications, such as speech-based assistants, dictation systems…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-02-11 Dennis Pinto , Jose-María Arnau , Antonio González

Despite the significant improvements achieved by large language models (LLMs) in English reasoning tasks, these models continue to struggle with multilingual reasoning. Recent studies leverage a full-parameter and two-stage training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Yuchun Fan , Yongyu Mu , Yilin Wang , Lei Huang , Junhao Ruan , Bei Li , Tong Xiao , Shujian Huang , Xiaocheng Feng , Jingbo Zhu

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) has been widely researched with supervised approaches, while many low-resourced languages lack audio-text aligned data, and supervised methods cannot be applied on them. In this work, we propose a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-14 Yi-Chen Chen , Chia-Hao Shen , Sung-Feng Huang , Hung-yi Lee

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently garnered significant attention, primarily for their capabilities in text-based interactions. However, natural human interaction often relies on speech, necessitating a shift towards voice-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Wenqian Cui , Dianzhi Yu , Xiaoqi Jiao , Ziqiao Meng , Guangyan Zhang , Qichao Wang , Yiwen Guo , Irwin King

Automatic speech Recognition (ASR) is a fundamental and important task in the field of speech and natural language processing. It is an inherent building block in many applications such as voice assistant, speech translation, etc. Despite…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Victor Junqiu Wei , Weicheng Wang , Di Jiang , Yuanfeng Song , Lu Wang

Recent advancement in deep learning encouraged developing large automatic speech recognition (ASR) models that achieve promising results while ignoring computational and memory constraints. However, deploying such models on low resource…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Abdul Hannan , Alessio Brutti , Shah Nawaz , Mubashir Noman

Connecting audio encoders with large language models (LLMs) allows the LLM to perform various audio understanding tasks, such as automatic speech recognition (ASR) and audio captioning (AC). Most research focuses on training an adapter…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-22 Weiqiao Shan , Yuang Li , Yuhao Zhang , Yingfeng Luo , Chen Xu , Xiaofeng Zhao , Long Meng , Yunfei Lu , Min Zhang , Hao Yang , Tong Xiao , Jingbo Zhu

While large language models excel in a variety of natural language processing (NLP) tasks, to perform well on spoken language understanding (SLU) tasks, they must either rely on off-the-shelf automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-13 Pranay Dighe , Yi Su , Shangshang Zheng , Yunshu Liu , Vineet Garg , Xiaochuan Niu , Ahmed Tewfik

We propose a simple method for automatic speech recognition (ASR) by fine-tuning BERT, which is a language model (LM) trained on large-scale unlabeled text data and can generate rich contextual representations. Our assumption is that given…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-02-02 Wen-Chin Huang , Chia-Hua Wu , Shang-Bao Luo , Kuan-Yu Chen , Hsin-Min Wang , Tomoki Toda

Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Voice Recognition agents are rapidly evolving healthcare by enabling efficient, accessible, and professional patient support while automating grunt work. This report serves as my self project wherein…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-21 Kabir Kumar

Large language models (LLMs) have driven substantial advances in speech language models (SpeechLMs), yielding strong performance in automatic speech recognition (ASR) under high-resource conditions. However, existing benchmarks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Jianan Chen , Xiaoxue Gao , Tatsuya Kawahara , Nancy F. Chen

Current speech LLMs bridge speech foundation models to LLMs using projection layers, training all of these components on speech instruction data. This strategy is computationally intensive and susceptible to task and prompt overfitting. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Biswesh Mohapatra , Marcely Zanon Boito , Ioan Calapodescu

End-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) models are increasingly large and complex to achieve the best possible accuracy. In this paper, we build an AutoML system that uses reinforcement learning (RL) to optimize the per-layer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-25 Łukasz Dudziak , Mohamed S. Abdelfattah , Ravichander Vipperla , Stefanos Laskaridis , Nicholas D. Lane