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Reinforcement Learning (RL) traditionally relies on scalar reward signals, limiting its ability to leverage the rich semantic knowledge often available in real-world tasks. In contrast, humans learn efficiently by combining numerical…

The success of graph embeddings or node representation learning in a variety of downstream tasks, such as node classification, link prediction, and recommendation systems, has led to their popularity in recent years. Representation learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-09-07 Saba A. Al-Sayouri , Danai Koutra , Evangelos E. Papalexakis , Sarah S. Lam

A key property of neural networks (both biological and artificial) is how they learn to represent and manipulate input information in order to solve a task. Different types of representations may be suited to different types of tasks,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Ryan Pyle , Sebastian Musslick , Jonathan D. Cohen , Ankit B. Patel

Deep neural networks achieve high accuracy on image classification tasks. Yet, they often produce overconfident predictions as which fail to express epistemic uncertainty, and frequently violate logical or structural constraints present in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Ezel Kilicdere , Shireen Kudukkil Manchingal , Fabio Cuzzolin

In this paper, we propose FairNN a neural network that performs joint feature representation and classification for fairness-aware learning. Our approach optimizes a multi-objective loss function in which (a) learns a fair representation by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-14 Tongxin Hu , Vasileios Iosifidis , Wentong Liao , Hang Zhang , Michael YingYang , Eirini Ntoutsi , Bodo Rosenhahn

Verifying a question's validity before answering is crucial in real-world applications, where users may provide imperfect instructions. In this scenario, an ideal model should address the discrepancies in the query and convey them to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Syeda Nahida Akter , Sangwu Lee , Yingshan Chang , Yonatan Bisk , Eric Nyberg

Learning from complex real-life networks is a lively research area, with recent advances in learning information-rich, low-dimensional network node representations. However, state-of-the-art methods are not necessarily interpretable and are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Sebastian Mežnar , Nada Lavrač , Blaž Škrlj

Visual recognition tasks are often limited to dealing with a small subset of classes simply because the labels for the remaining classes are unavailable. We are interested in identifying novel concepts in a dataset through representation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-17 Geeho Kim , Junoh Kang , Bohyung Han

To solve a new task from minimal experience, it is essential to effectively reuse knowledge from previous tasks, a problem known as meta-learning. Compositional solutions, where common elements of computation are flexibly recombined into…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Jacob J. W. Bakermans , Pablo Tano , Reidar Riveland , Charles Findling , Alexandre Pouget

We examine the influence of input data representations on learning complexity. For learning, we posit that each model implicitly uses a candidate model distribution for unexplained variations in the data, its noise model. If the model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-21 Julian Zilly , Lorenz Hetzel , Andrea Censi , Emilio Frazzoli

Inspired by the recent progress in self-supervised learning for computer vision, in this paper we introduce DeLoRes, a new general-purpose audio representation learning approach. Our main objective is to make our network learn…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Sreyan Ghosh , Ashish Seth , and Deepak Mittal , Maneesh Singh , S. Umesh

Transfer learning is an important approach for addressing the challenges posed by limited data availability in various applications. It accomplishes this by transferring knowledge from well-established source domains to a less familiar…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-03-03 Yeheng Ge , Xueyu Zhou , Jian Huang

Formal verification is only as good as the specification of a system, which is also true for neural network verification. Existing specifications follow the paradigm of data as specification, where the local neighborhood around a reference…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Chuqin Geng , Zhaoyue Wang , Haolin Ye , Xujie Si

Question answering is an effective method for obtaining information from knowledge bases (KB). In this paper, we propose the Neural-Symbolic Complex Question Answering (NS-CQA) model, a data-efficient reinforcement learning framework for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-02 Yuncheng Hua , Yuan-Fang Li , Guilin Qi , Wei Wu , Jingyao Zhang , Daiqing Qi

Cross-modal retrieval relies on well-matched large-scale datasets that are laborious in practice. Recently, to alleviate expensive data collection, co-occurring pairs from the Internet are automatically harvested for training. However, it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Zhuohang Dang , Minnan Luo , Chengyou Jia , Guang Dai , Xiaojun Chang , Jingdong Wang

Deep Neural Networks are well known for efficiently fitting training data, yet experiencing poor generalization capabilities whenever some kind of bias dominates over the actual task labels, resulting in models learning "shortcuts". In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Pietro Morerio , Ruggero Ragonesi , Vittorio Murino

Reinforcement learning with evaluation metrics as rewards is widely used to enhance specific capabilities of language models. However, for tasks such as factually consistent summarisation, existing metrics remain underdeveloped, limiting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Yuxuan Ye , Raul Santos-Rodriguez , Edwin Simpson

Representing a signal as a continuous function parameterized by neural network (a.k.a. Implicit Neural Representations, INRs) has attracted increasing attention in recent years. Neural Processes (NPs), which model the distributions over…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-22 Zongyu Guo , Cuiling Lan , Zhizheng Zhang , Yan Lu , Zhibo Chen

Recent neural implicit representations (NIRs) have achieved great success in the tasks of 3D reconstruction and novel view synthesis. However, they require the images of a scene from different camera views to be available for one-time…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Mengqi Guo , Chen Li , Hanlin Chen , Gim Hee Lee

The remarkable success in neural networks provokes the selective rationalization. It explains the prediction results by identifying a small subset of the inputs sufficient to support them. Since existing methods still suffer from adopting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Linan Yue , Qi Liu , Yichao Du , Li Wang , Weibo Gao , Yanqing An