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In-context learning (ICL) has emerged as a new approach to various natural language processing tasks, utilizing large language models (LLMs) to make predictions based on context that has been supplemented with a few examples or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Linyong Nan , Yilun Zhao , Weijin Zou , Narutatsu Ri , Jaesung Tae , Ellen Zhang , Arman Cohan , Dragomir Radev

To access data stored in relational databases, users need to understand the database schema and write a query using a query language such as SQL. To simplify this task, text-to-SQL models attempt to translate a user's natural language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-05 Amol Kelkar , Rohan Relan , Vaishali Bhardwaj , Saurabh Vaichal , Chandra Khatri , Peter Relan

Context: Test-driven development (TDD) is a widely employed software development practice that involves developing test cases based on requirements prior to writing the code. Although various methods for automated test case generation have…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Saranya Alagarsamy , Chakkrit Tantithamthavorn , Wannita Takerngsaksiri , Chetan Arora , Aldeida Aleti

This paper introduces a simple and scalable approach to improve the data efficiency of large language model (LLM) training by augmenting existing text data with thinking trajectories. The compute for pre-training LLMs has been growing at an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Liang Wang , Nan Yang , Shaohan Huang , Li Dong , Furu Wei

The task of Text-to-SQL enables anyone to retrieve information from SQL databases using natural language. While this task has made substantial progress, the two primary evaluation metrics - Execution Accuracy (EXE) and Exact Set Matching…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Benjamin G. Ascoli , Yasoda Sai Ram Kandikonda , Jinho D. Choi

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong performance on various tasks. To unleash their power on the Text-to-SQL task, we propose $R^3$ (Review-Rebuttal-Revision), a consensus-based multi-agent system for Text-to-SQL tasks.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Hanchen Xia , Feng Jiang , Naihao Deng , Cunxiang Wang , Guojiang Zhao , Rada Mihalcea , Yue Zhang

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have led to the development of highly potent models like OpenAI's ChatGPT. These models have exhibited exceptional performance in a variety of tasks, such as question answering, essay…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-12 Ruixiang Tang , Xiaotian Han , Xiaoqian Jiang , Xia Hu

Large language models (LLMs) have been widely employed for graph-to-text generation tasks. However, the process of finetuning LLMs requires significant training resources and annotation work. In this paper, we explore the capability of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-28 Shuzhou Yuan , Michael Färber

The collection and curation of high-quality training data is crucial for developing text classification models with superior performance, but it is often associated with significant costs and time investment. Researchers have recently…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Zhuoyan Li , Hangxiao Zhu , Zhuoran Lu , Ming Yin

Large Language Model-based (LLM-based) Text-to-SQL methods have achieved important progress in generating SQL queries for real-world applications. When confronted with table content-aware questions in real-world scenarios, ambiguous data…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Wenbo Xu , Liang Yan , Chuanyi Liu , Peiyi Han , Haifeng Zhu , Yong Xu , Yingwei Liang , Bob Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved strong performance on natural language to SQL (NL2SQL) benchmarks, yet their reported accuracy may be inflated by contamination from benchmark queries or structurally similar patterns seen during…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Mohammadtaher Safarzadeh , Hitesh Laxmichand Patel , Afshin Orojlooyjadid , Graham Horwood , Dan Roth

With the rise of Large Language Models (LLMs) in recent years, abundant new opportunities are emerging, but also new challenges, among which contamination is quickly becoming critical. Business applications and fundraising in Artificial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Mathieu Ravaut , Bosheng Ding , Fangkai Jiao , Hailin Chen , Xingxuan Li , Ruochen Zhao , Chengwei Qin , Caiming Xiong , Shafiq Joty

In text-to-SQL tasks -- as in much of NLP -- compositional generalization is a major challenge: neural networks struggle with compositional generalization where training and test distributions differ. However, most recent attempts to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-05 Yujian Gan , Xinyun Chen , Qiuping Huang , Matthew Purver

Data contamination is a known threat to the reliability of model evaluation. However, it remains underexplored in code large language models (LLMs), where contamination often goes beyond exact duplication. We present TRACER, a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Yifeng Di , Xuliang Huang , Tianyi Zhang

Recent advances in LLM-based Text-to-SQL have achieved remarkable gains on public benchmarks such as BIRD and Spider. Yet, these systems struggle to scale in realistic enterprise settings with large, complex schemas, diverse SQL dialects,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Asim Biswal , Chuan Lei , Xiao Qin , Aodong Li , Balakrishnan Narayanaswamy , Tim Kraska

Large Language Models (LLMs) that undergo recursive training on synthetically generated data are susceptible to model collapse, a phenomenon marked by the generation of meaningless output. Existing research has examined this issue from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Konstantinos F. Xylogiannopoulos , Petros Xanthopoulos , Panagiotis Karampelas , Georgios A. Bakamitsos

Using the best Text-to-SQL methods in resource-constrained environments is challenging due to their reliance on resource-intensive open-source models. This paper introduces Auto Prompt SQL(AP-SQL), a novel architecture designed to bridge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Zetong Tang , Qian Ma , Di Wu

Metadata play a crucial role in ensuring the findability, accessibility, interoperability, and reusability of datasets. This paper investigates the potential of large language models (LLMs), specifically GPT-4, to improve adherence to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Sowmya S. Sundaram , Benjamin Solomon , Avani Khatri , Anisha Laumas , Purvesh Khatri , Mark A. Musen

The potential for improvements brought by Large Language Models (LLMs) in Text-to-SQL systems is mostly assessed on monolingual English datasets. However, LLMs' performance for other languages remains vastly unexplored. In this work, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Farhad Nooralahzadeh , Yi Zhang , Ellery Smith , Sabine Maennel , Cyril Matthey-Doret , Raphaël de Fondville , Kurt Stockinger

Large language models (LLMs) have exploded in popularity due to their ability to perform a wide array of natural language tasks. Text-based content moderation is one LLM use case that has received recent enthusiasm, however, there is little…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Deepak Kumar , Yousef AbuHashem , Zakir Durumeric