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In this paper, we show by experiment that by covering a thin flat nonlinear lens on the sources, the sub-diffraction-limit observation can be achieved by measuring either the near-field distribution or the far-field radiation of the sources…

One of the fundamental limits of classical optical microscopy is the diffraction limit of optical resolution. It results from the finite bandwidth of the optical transfer function (or OTF) of an optical microscope, which restricts the…

Optics · Physics 2022-03-11 Sjoerd Stallinga , Niels Radmacher , Antoine Delon , Jörg Enderlein

Photonic flat bands are crucial for enabling strong localization of light and enhancing light-matter interactions, as well as tailoring the angular distribution of emission from photonic structures. These unique properties open pathways for…

Artificial nanostructures with ultrafine and deep-subwavelength feature sizes have emerged as a paradigm-shifting platform to advanced light field management, becoming a key building block for high-performance integrated optoelectronics and…

Hyperspectral imaging aims at providing information on both the spatial and the spectral distribution of light, with high resolution. However, state-of-the-art protocols are characterized by an intrinsic trade-off imposing to sacrifice…

Optics · Physics 2024-07-22 Gianlorenzo Massaro , Francesco V. Pepe , Milena D'Angelo

We show that the photonic analogue of the Korringa-Kohn-Rostocker method is a viable alternative to the plane-wave method to analyze the spectrum of electromagnetic waves in a three-dimensional periodic dielectric lattice. Firstly, in the…

Classical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Alexander Moroz , Charles Sommers

Aberrations limit optical systems in many situations, for example when imaging in biological tissue. Machine learning offers novel ways to improve imaging under such conditions by learning inverse models of aberrations. Learning requires…

Optics · Physics 2021-04-30 Ivan Vishniakou , Johannes D. Seelig

Scattering scanning near-field optical microscopy enables optical imaging and characterization of plasmonic devices with nanometer-scale resolution well below the diffraction limit. This technique enables developers to probe and understand…

Negative refraction of highly squeezed polaritons is a fundamental building block for nanophotonics, since it can enable many unique applications, such as deep-subwavelength imaging. However, the phenomenon of all-angle negative refraction…

Applied Physics · Physics 2018-12-05 Jing Jiang , Xiao Lin , Baile Zhang

Conventional microscope objective lenses are diffraction limited, which means that they cannot resolve features smaller than half the illumination wavelength. Under white light illumination, such resolution limit is about 250-300 nm for an…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2021-08-26 Bing Yan , Zengbo Wang , Alan Parker , Yukun Lai , John Thomas , Liyang Yue , James Monks

Accurate determination of the complex effective permittivity is fundamental to optical material engineering, but it remains a critical metrology challenge for heterogeneous systems. In polymer blends and optical composites, scattering and…

Optics · Physics 2026-03-03 Proity Nayeeb Akbar

Effective and accurate in-vivo diagnosis of retinal pathologies requires high performance imaging devices, combining a large field of view and the ability to discriminate the ballistic signal from the diffuse background in order to provide…

A long-held vision has been to realize diffraction-limited optical aperture synthesis over kilometer baselines. This will enable imaging of stellar surfaces and their environments, and reveal interacting gas flows in binary systems. An…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-08-12 Dainis Dravins , Tiphaine Lagadec , Paul D. Nuñez

We present two long-working-distance objective lenses with numerical apertures (NA) of 0.29 and 0.4 for single-atom experiments. The objective lenses are assembled entirely by the commercial on-catalog $\Phi$1'' singlets. Both the…

Astronomers working with faint targets will benefit greatly from improved image quality on current and planned ground-based telescopes. At present, most adaptive optic systems are targeted at the highest resolution with bright guide stars.…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-30 Craig Mackay

Flat bands have become a pillar of modern condensed matter physics and photonics owing to the vanishing group velocity and diverging density of states. Here, we present a paradigmatic scheme to construct arbitrary flat bands on demand by…

Optics · Physics 2025-11-27 Moru Song , Jingyu Hu , Lina Shi , YongliangZhang , Kai Chang

The question is considered about possibility of overcoming diffraction limit at device, named superlens. This device is a flat slab, executed from material with index of refraction n,equal n=-1. It is shown, what this device really can…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2007-05-23 V. G. Veselago

Metasurfaces offer compact flat lenses (metalenses) for miniaturized imaging systems; however, the utmost miniaturization requires not only metalenses but also a substantial reduction of free space. A Spaceplate is a flat-optics element…

Optics · Physics 2026-05-12 Imon Kalyan , Raghvendra P. Chaudhary , Nir Shitrit

Tapered optical fibers (TFs), with diameters gradually reduced from hundreds of microns to the micron scale, offer key advantages over conventional flat optical fibers (FFs), including uniform illumination, efficient long-range signal…

Optics · Physics 2026-02-03 Mingliang Xu , Fangyuan Li , Yuxin Leng , Ruxin Li , Fei He

Wavefront aberrations can reflect the imaging quality of high-performance optical systems better than geometric aberrations. Although laser interferometers have emerged as the main tool for measurement of transmitted wavefronts, their…

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