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Related papers: Generative Flows on Discrete State-Spaces: Enablin…

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Flow Matching (FM) is a simulation-free method for learning a continuous and invertible flow to interpolate between two distributions, and in particular to generate data from noise. Inspired by the variational nature of the diffusion…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-07-14 Chen Xu , Xiuyuan Cheng , Yao Xie

Deep generative models such as diffusion and flow matching are powerful machine learning tools capable of learning and sampling from high-dimensional distributions. They are particularly useful when the training data appears to be…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-04-30 Zachary Bogorad , Ibrahim Elsharkawy , Yonatan Kahn , Andrew J. Larkoski , Noam Levi

Generative modeling over discrete data has recently seen numerous success stories, with applications spanning language modeling, biological sequence design, and graph-structured molecular data. The predominant generative modeling paradigm…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Oscar Davis , Samuel Kessler , Mircea Petrache , İsmail İlkan Ceylan , Michael Bronstein , Avishek Joey Bose

Generative models have emerged as a powerful paradigm for solving physics systems and modeling complex spatiotemporal dynamics. However, achieving high physical accuracy without incurring high computational cost remains a fundamental…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Jiahe Huang , Sihan Xu , Sharvaree Vadgama , Rose Yu

Conditional Flow Matching (CFM) models can generate high-quality samples from a non-informative prior, but they can be slow, often needing hundreds of network evaluations (NFE). To address this, we propose Implicit Dynamical Flow Fusion…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Mohammad R. Rezaei , Milos R. Popovic , Milad Lankarany , Rahul G. Krishnan

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) provides high-fidelity simulations of fluid flows but remains computationally expensive for many-query applications. In recent years deep learning (DL) has been used to construct data-driven fluid-dynamic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-13 David Ramos , Lucas Lacasa , Fermín Gutiérrez , Eusebio Valero , Gonzalo Rubio

Discrete flow models offer a powerful framework for learning distributions over discrete state spaces and have demonstrated superior performance compared to the discrete diffusion models. However, their convergence properties and error…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-27 Zhengyan Wan , Yidong Ouyang , Qiang Yao , Liyan Xie , Fang Fang , Hongyuan Zha , Guang Cheng

Diffusion models (DMs) have demonstrated exceptional generative capabilities across various domains, including image, video, and so on. A key factor contributing to their effectiveness is the high quantity and quality of data used during…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Qianlong Xiang , Miao Zhang , Yuzhang Shang , Jianlong Wu , Yan Yan , Liqiang Nie

Diffusion and flow-based models have become the de facto approaches for generating continuous data, e.g., in domains such as images and videos. Their success has attracted growing interest in applying them to language modeling. Unlike their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Keya Hu , Linlu Qiu , Yiyang Lu , Hanhong Zhao , Tianhong Li , Yoon Kim , Jacob Andreas , Kaiming He

Generative models based on dynamical equations such as flows and diffusions offer exceptional sample quality, but require computationally expensive numerical integration during inference. The advent of consistency models has enabled…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Nicholas M. Boffi , Michael S. Albergo , Eric Vanden-Eijnden

We propose Functional Flow Matching (FFM), a function-space generative model that generalizes the recently-introduced Flow Matching model to operate in infinite-dimensional spaces. Our approach works by first defining a path of probability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-07 Gavin Kerrigan , Giosue Migliorini , Padhraic Smyth

Discrete diffusion models have emerged as powerful tools for high-quality data generation. Despite their success in discrete spaces, such as text generation tasks, the acceleration of discrete diffusion models remains under-explored. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Zixiang Chen , Huizhuo Yuan , Yongqian Li , Yiwen Kou , Junkai Zhang , Quanquan Gu

Autoregressive language models (ARMs) deliver strong likelihoods, but are inherently serial: they generate one token per forward pass, which limits throughput and inflates latency for long sequences. Diffusion Language Models (DLMs)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Amin Karimi Monsefi , Nikhil Bhendawade , Manuel Rafael Ciosici , Dominic Culver , Yizhe Zhang , Irina Belousova

This paper introduces a novel generative model for discrete distributions based on continuous normalizing flows on the submanifold of factorizing discrete measures. Integration of the flow gradually assigns categories and avoids issues of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Bastian Boll , Daniel Gonzalez-Alvarado , Christoph Schnörr

Language models based on discrete diffusion have attracted widespread interest for their potential to provide faster generation than autoregressive models. Despite their promise, these models typically produce samples whose quality sharply…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Chanhyuk Lee , Jaehoon Yoo , Manan Agarwal , Sheel Shah , Jerry Huang , Aditi Raghunathan , Seunghoon Hong , Nicholas M. Boffi , Jinwoo Kim

Generative models have achieved remarkable progress with the emergence of flow matching (FM). It has demonstrated strong generative capabilities and attracted significant attention as a simulation-free flow-based framework capable of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Huynh Trinh Ngoc , Hoang Anh Nguyen Kim , Toan Nguyen Hai , Long Tran Quoc

Diffusion models can learn rich representations during data generation, showing potential for Self-Supervised Learning (SSL), but they face a trade-off between generative quality and discriminative performance. Their iterative sampling also…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Kosuke Ukita , Tsuyoshi Okita

The biological functions of proteins often depend on dynamic structural ensembles. In this work, we develop a flow-based generative modeling approach for learning and sampling the conformational landscapes of proteins. We repurpose highly…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-09-04 Bowen Jing , Bonnie Berger , Tommi Jaakkola

Recently, Flow Matching models have pushed the boundaries of high-fidelity data generation across a wide range of domains. It typically employs a single large network to learn the entire generative trajectory from noise to data. Despite…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Dogyun Park , Taehoon Lee , Minseok Joo , Hyunwoo J. Kim

We introduce a new paradigm for generative modeling built on Continuous Normalizing Flows (CNFs), allowing us to train CNFs at unprecedented scale. Specifically, we present the notion of Flow Matching (FM), a simulation-free approach for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-09 Yaron Lipman , Ricky T. Q. Chen , Heli Ben-Hamu , Maximilian Nickel , Matt Le