Related papers: Interlaboratory comparison of particle filtration …
In light of the widespread success of generative models, a significant amount of research has gone into speeding up their sampling time. However, generative models are often sampled multiple times to obtain a diverse set incurring a cost…
The paper shows that matching without replacement on propensity scores produces estimators that generally are inconsistent for the average treatment effect of the treated. To achieve consistency, practitioners must either assume that no…
Microplastics (MPs) are ubiquitous pollutants with demonstrated potential to impact ecosystems and human health. Their microscopic size complicates detection, classification, and removal, especially in biological and environmental samples.…
Replicability is central to scientific progress, and the partial conjunction (PC) hypothesis testing framework provides an objective tool to quantify it across disciplines. Existing PC methods assume independent studies. Yet many modern…
Hypothesis: Lateral accumulation and film defects during drying of hard particle coatings is a common problem, typically solved using polymeric additives and surface active ingredients, which require further processing of the dried film.…
Estimating the prevalence of a category in a population using imperfect measurement devices (diagnostic tests, classifiers, or large language models) is fundamental to science, public health, and online trust and safety. Standard approaches…
The dispersion process in particulate porous media at low saturation levels takes place over the surface elements of constituent particles and, as we have found previously by comparison with experiments, can be accurately described by…
Large language models (LLMs) often produce unsupported or unverifiable content, known as "hallucinations." To mitigate this, retrieval-augmented LLMs incorporate citations, grounding the content in verifiable sources. Despite such…
We describe and realize an experimental procedure for assessing the incompatibility of two qubit measurements. The experiment consists in a state discrimination task where either measurement is used according to some partial intermediate…
In safety-critical applications a probabilistic model is usually required to be calibrated, i.e., to capture the uncertainty of its predictions accurately. In multi-class classification, calibration of the most confident predictions only is…
The linked cell list algorithm is an essential part of molecular simulation software, both molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo. Though it scales linearly with the number of particles, there has been a constant interest in increasing its…
Polygenic risk score (PRS) tools differ substantially in statistical assumptions, input requirements, and implementation complexity, making direct comparison difficult. We developed a harmonized, implementation-aware benchmarking framework…
Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are evaluated on various benchmarks, such as image captioning, visual question answering, and reasoning. However, many of these benchmarks include overly simple or uninformative samples, complicating…
As machine learning systems are increasingly used to make real world legal and financial decisions, it is of paramount importance that we develop algorithms to verify that these systems do not discriminate against minorities. We design a…
This letter shows that the following three classes of recursive state estimation filters: standard filters, such as the extended Kalman filter; iterated filters, such as the iterated unscented Kalman filter; and dynamically iterated…
Ensembles of deep neural networks demonstrate improved performance over single models. For enhancing the diversity of ensemble members while keeping their performance, particle-based inference methods offer a promising approach from a…
Neural prosthetics are typically situated in an aggressive, biochemical environment that requires materials with superior stability and performance. These probes have dual functionalities of recording and stimulation. The material stability…
2D conjugated polyphthalocyanines can be obtained as two distinctly different types of material with specific molecular structures and different morphological properties. It was believed that the temperature is the key factor affecting the…
The paper deals with kernel density estimates of filtering densities in the particle filter. The convergence of the estimates is investigated by means of Fourier analysis. It is shown that the estimates converge to the theoretical filtering…
In order to enhance LIDAR performance metrics such as target detection sensitivity, noise resilience and ranging accuracy, we exploit the strong temporal correlation within the photon pairs generated in continuous-wave pumped semiconductor…