Related papers: Interlaboratory comparison of particle filtration …
Charge Coupled Devices (CCDs) have been successfully used in several high energy physics experiments over the past two decades. Their high spatial resolution and thin sensitive layers make them an excellent tool for studying short-lived…
We give a generic description of a liquid mirror system and summarize some practical information useful to making them. We compare laboratory measurements of deformations, due to the weight of mercury on the container of a 3.7-m mirror and…
With the advent of both modern X-ray fluorescence (XRF) methods and improved analytical reliability requirements the demand for suitable reference samples has increased. Especially in nanotechnology with the very low areal mass depositions,…
The ELISE test facility at IPP Garching hosts a RF H-/D- ion source and an acceleration system. Its target is to demonstrate the performance foreseen for the ITER NBI system in terms of extracted current density (H/D), fraction of…
Chemical multisensor devices need calibration algorithms to estimate gas concentrations. Their possible adoption as indicative air quality measurements devices poses new challenges due to the need to operate in continuous monitoring modes…
We present a systematic comparison of the results from our non-equilibrium Green's function formalism with a large number of AlGaAs-GaAs terahertz quantum cascade lasers previously published in the literature. Employing identical material…
Most supervised machine learning tasks are subject to irreducible prediction errors. Probabilistic predictive models address this limitation by providing probability distributions that represent a belief over plausible targets, rather than…
Particle filters (PFs), which are successful methods for approximating the solution of the filtering problem, can be divided into two types: weighted and unweighted PFs. It is well known that weighted PFs suffer from the weight degeneracy…
Laser-plasma based experiments are always more demanding about the plasma features which need to be generated during the interaction. This is valid for laser-plasma acceleration as well as for inertial confinement fusion experiments. Most…
We prove, in ZFC alone, some new results on regularity and decomposability of ultrafilters. We also list some problems, and furnish applications to topological spaces and to extended logics.
The robustness of neural networks against input perturbations with bounded magnitude represents a serious concern in the deployment of deep learning models in safety-critical systems. Recently, the scientific community has focused on…
Large language models (LLMs) are often confidently wrong, making reliable uncertainty estimation (UE) essential. Output-based heuristics are cheap but brittle, while probing internal representations is effective yet high-dimensional and…
Because high-quality data is like oxygen for AI systems, effectively eliciting information from crowdsourcing workers has become a first-order problem for developing high-performance machine learning algorithms. Two prevalent paradigms,…
Algorithms based on the particle flow approach are becoming increasingly utilized in collider experiments due to their superior jet energy and missing energy resolution compared to the traditional calorimeter-based measurements. Such…
A major bottleneck in nanoparticle measurements is the lack of comparability. Comparability of measurement results is obtained by metrological traceability, which is obtained by calibration. In the present work the calibration of…
Advances in training, post-training, and inference-time methods have enabled frontier reasoning models to win gold medals in math competitions and settle challenging open problems. Gaining trust in the responses of these models requires…
The study of particle correlations is an important instrument to understand the nature of relativistic heavy ion collisions. Using a wealth of new data available from the recent heavy ion runs of Large Hadron Collider at CERN it becomes…
An accurate and extensive Inter-laboratory comparison between the laboratory for the calibration of multifunction electrical instruments of the National Institute of Metrology Research (INRIM) and a secondary high level electrical…
Inter-rater reliability (IRR) is one of the commonly used tools for assessing the quality of ratings from multiple raters. However, applicant selection procedures based on ratings from multiple raters usually result in a binary outcome; the…
In the realm of contemporary materials testing, the demand for scalability, adaptability, parallelism, and speed has surged due to the proliferation of diverse materials and testing standards. Traditional controller-based systems often fall…