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We study the effect of spatially-correlated heterogeneity on isothermal drying of porous media. We combine a minimal pore-scale model with microfluidic experiments with the same pore geometry. Our simulated drying behavior compare favorably…
We present a particle filter construction for a system that exhibits time-scale separation. The separation of time-scales allows two simplifications that we exploit: i) The use of the averaging principle for the dimensional reduction of the…
As SCRF particle accelerator technology advances the need for "low particulate" and "particle free" vacuum systems becomes greater and greater. In the course of the operation of these systems, there comes a time when various instruments…
Effective Uncertainty Quantification (UQ) represents a key aspect for reliable deployment of Large Language Models (LLMs) in automated decision-making and beyond. Yet, for LLM generation with multiple choice structure, the state-of-the-art…
Particle filters are a powerful and flexible tool for performing inference on state-space models. They involve a collection of samples evolving over time through a combination of sampling and re-sampling steps. The re-sampling step is…
The empirical and particle force-based models of granular segregation due to density differences among the species are compared in this work. Dependency of the empirical segregation parameters on the initial configuration, the observation…
Materials to be deployed in space applications have to undergo a variety of different test scenarios, simulating actual space conditions. Among these materials solar photovoltaic cells, optics, meta-materials and more will be directly…
Multi-stage screening pipelines are ubiquitous throughout experimental and computational science. Much of the effort in developing screening pipelines focuses on improving generative methods or surrogate models in an attempt to make each…
Particle filters are a widely used Monte Carlo based data assimilation technique that estimates the probability distribution of a system's state conditioned on observations through a collection of weights and particles. A known problem for…
Research on recommender systems algorithms, like other areas of applied machine learning, is largely dominated by efforts to improve the state-of-the-art, typically in terms of accuracy measures. Several recent research works however…
This study explores nonwoven and woven fabrics to improve upon the performance of the widespread all-cotton mask, and examines the effect of layering, machine washing and drying on their filtration and breathability for submicron and…
Test-time scaling (TTS) has emerged as a new frontier for scaling the performance of Large Language Models. In test-time scaling, by using more computational resources during inference, LLMs can improve their reasoning process and task…
The particle filter is a popular Bayesian filtering algorithm for use in cases where the state-space model is nonlinear and/or the random terms (initial state or noises) are non-Gaussian distributed. We study the behavior of the error in…
Diffraction experiments have moved to ever heavier objects in recent years, now standing at the level of large molecules. Experiments in materials science on the other hand have come down to ever smaller sizes largely due to the success of…
Progress in particle physics depends on a multitude of unique facilities and capabilities that enable to advance detector technologies. Among others, key facilities involve test beams and irradiation facilities, which allow users to test…
Benchmarking is generally accepted as an important element in demonstrating the correctness of computer simulations. In the modern sense, a benchmark is a computer simulation result that has evidence of correctness, is accompanied by…
We study detection of collapse in high-dimensional point clouds, where mass concentrates near a lower-dimensional set relative to a non-collapsed geometry. We propose persistent homology-based test statistics under two well-studied…
Systems designed with measurement and attestation in mind are often layered, with the lower layers measuring the layers above them. Attestations of such systems, which we call layered attestations, must bundle together the results of a…
Probing techniques for large language models (LLMs) have primarily focused on English, overlooking the vast majority of the world's languages. In this paper, we extend these probing methods to a multilingual context, investigating the…
To enhance the reflectivity of X-ray mirrors beyond the critical angle, multilayer coatings are required. Interface imperfections in the multilayer growth process are known to cause non-specular scattering and degrade the mirror optical…