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Legged locomotion is commonly studied and expressed as a discrete set of gait patterns, like walk, trot, gallop, which are usually treated as given and pre-programmed in legged robots for efficient locomotion at different speeds. However,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-11-03 Zipeng Fu , Ashish Kumar , Jitendra Malik , Deepak Pathak

The adaptability of soft robots makes them ideal candidates to maneuver through unstructured environments. However, locomotion challenges arise due to complexities in modeling the body mechanics, actuation, and robot-environment dynamics.…

Gait generation for soft robots is challenging due to the nonlinear dynamics and high dimensional input spaces of soft actuators. Limitations in soft robotic control and perception force researchers to hand-craft open loop controllers for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Jake Ketchum , Sophia Schiffer , Muchen Sun , Pranav Kaarthik , Ryan L. Truby , Todd D. Murphey

Soft microrobots based on photoresponsive materials and controlled by light fields can generate a variety of different gaits. This inherent flexibility can be exploited to maximize their locomotion performance in a given environment and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-05-05 Alexander von Rohr , Sebastian Trimpe , Alonso Marco , Peer Fischer , Stefano Palagi

Gaits and transitions are key components in legged locomotion. For legged robots, describing and reproducing gaits as well as transitions remain longstanding challenges. Reinforcement learning has become a powerful tool to formulate…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-01-04 Yecheng Shao , Yongbin Jin , Xianwei Liu , Weiyan He , Hongtao Wang , Wei Yang

The design of gaits for robot locomotion can be a daunting process which requires significant expert knowledge and engineering. This process is even more challenging for robots that do not have an accurate physical model, such as compliant…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-03-02 Brian Yang , Grant Wang , Roberto Calandra , Daniel Contreras , Sergey Levine , Kristofer Pister

Miniature-legged robots are constrained by their onboard computation and control, thus motivating the need for simple, first-principles-based geometric models that connect \emph{periodic actuation or gaits} (a universal robot control…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Hari Krishna Hari Prasad , Ross L. Hatton , Kaushik Jayaram

This work presents Neural Gaits, a method for learning dynamic walking gaits through the enforcement of set invariance that can be refined episodically using experimental data from the robot. We frame walking as a set invariance problem…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-04-19 Ivan Dario Jimenez Rodriguez , Noel Csomay-Shanklin , Yisong Yue , Aaron D. Ames

We present a framework for learning a single policy capable of producing all quadruped gaits and transitions. The framework consists of a policy trained with deep reinforcement learning (DRL) to modulate the parameters of a system of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Guillaume Bellegarda , Milad Shafiee , Auke Ijspeert

We focus on the problem of developing energy efficient controllers for quadrupedal robots. Animals can actively switch gaits at different speeds to lower their energy consumption. In this paper, we devise a hierarchical learning framework,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-11-23 Yuxiang Yang , Tingnan Zhang , Erwin Coumans , Jie Tan , Byron Boots

The most concentrated application of lower-limb rehabilitation exoskeleton (LLE) robot is that it can help paraplegics "re-walk". However, "walking" in daily life is more than just walking on flat ground with fixed gait. This paper focuses…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-01-16 Lei Zhang , Weihai Chen , Yuan Chai , Jianhua Wang , Jianbin Zhang

Quadrupedal robots exhibit a wide range of viable gaits, but generating specific footfall sequences often requires laborious expert tuning of numerous variables, such as touch-down and lift-off events and holonomic constraints for each leg.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Jiayu Ding , Xulin Chen , Garrett E. Katz , Zhenyu Gan

Quadrupedal robots exhibit a wide range of viable gaits, but generating specific footfall sequences often requires laborious expert tuning of numerous variables, such as touch-down and lift-off events and holonomic constraints for each leg.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-17 Jiayu Ding , Xulin Chen , Garret E. Katz , Zhenyu Gan

The deformable and continuum nature of soft robots promises versatility and adaptability. However, control of modular, multi-limbed soft robots for terrestrial locomotion is challenging due to the complex robot structure, actuator mechanics…

Robotics · Computer Science 2016-02-05 Vishesh Vikas , Piyush Grover , Barry Trimmer

Gait synchronization in pedestrians is influenced by biomechanical, environmental, and cognitive factors. Studying gait in ecological settings provides insights often missed in controlled experiments. This study tackles the challenges of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-03-14 Adrien Gregorj , Zeynep Yücel , Francesco Zanlugo , Takayuki Kanda

To traverse complex three-dimensional terrainwith large obstacles, animals and robots must transition across different modes. However, the most mechanistic understanding of terrestrial locomotion concerns how to generate and stabilize…

Biological Physics · Physics 2025-09-23 Ratan Othayoth , Qihan Xuan , Yaqing Wang , Chen Li

Stable gait generation is a crucial problem for legged robot locomotion as this impacts other critical performance factors such as, e.g. mobility over an uneven terrain and power consumption. Gait generation stability results from the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Vyacheslav Kovalev , Anna Shkromada , Henni Ouerdane , Pavel Osinenko

Optimizing gait stability for legged robots is a difficult problem. Even on level surfaces, effectively traversing across different textures (e.g., carpet) rests on dynamically tuning parameters in multidimensional space. Inspired by…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-03-31 Jack Vice , Gita Sukthankar , Pamela K. Douglas

Successfully achieving bipedal locomotion remains challenging due to real-world factors such as model uncertainty, random disturbances, and imperfect state estimation. In this work, we propose a novel metric for locomotive robustness -- the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Maegan Tucker , Kejun Li , Aaron D. Ames

This paper presents a framework that leverages both control theory and machine learning to obtain stable and robust bipedal locomotion without the need for manual parameter tuning. Traditionally, gaits are generated through trajectory…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-03-31 Maegan Tucker , Noel Csomay-Shanklin , Wen-Loong Ma , Aaron D. Ames
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