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A parking function of length n is a sequence (b_1, b_2,..., b_n) of nonnegative integers whose nondecreasing rearrangement (a_1, a_2,...,a_n) has the property that a_i < i for every i. A well-known result about parking functions is that the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Dimitrije Kostic , Catherine Yan

A pair $(G,K)$ of a group and its subgroup is called a Gelfand pair if the induced trivial representation of $K$ on $G$ is multiplicity free. Let $(a_j)$ be a sequence of positive integers of length $n$, and let $(b_i)$ be its…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-09-28 Kürşat Aker , Mahir Bilen Can

Kreweras proved that the reversed sum enumerator for parking functions of length $n$ is equal to the inversion enumerator for labeled trees on $n+1$ vertices. Recently, Perkinson, Yang, and Yu gave a bijective proof of this equality that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-12-24 Petar Gaydarov , Sam Hopkins

We study the asymptotic behavior of cycles of uniformly random parking functions. Our results are multifold: we obtain an explicit formula for the number of parking functions with a prescribed number of cyclic points and show that the…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-03-25 J. E. Paguyo , Mei Yin

We show that the number of parking functions of length $n$ with zero secondary dinv is equal to the number of ordered cycle decompositions of permutations of $[n]$.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-09 Susanna Fishel , Luis Pena

We define a "shifted analogue" $\mathrm{SH}_n$ of the parking function symmetric function $\mathrm{PF}_n$. The expansion of $\mathrm{SH}_n$ in terms of three bases for shifted symmetric functions is explicitly described. We don't know a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-05-06 Richard P. Stanley

We investigate parking in a one-dimensional lot, where cars enter at a rate $\lambda$ and each attempts to park close to a target at the origin. Parked cars also depart at rate 1. An entering driver cannot see beyond the parked cars for…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-09-07 P. L. Krapivsky , S. Redner

In this paper, we explore parking distributions on caterpillar trees, focusing on two primary statistics: the number of lucky cars and the frequency with which cars prefer specific parking spaces. We use first-return decomposition to reveal…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-03 Amanuel T. Getachew

For a connected graph $G$ with sink vertex $q$, a $G$-parking function is a vector of nonnegative integers whose entries are determined by cut-sets in $G$. Such objects also arise as the superstable configurations in the context of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-14 Timothy Blanton , Anton Dochtermann , Isabelle Hong , SuHo Oh , Zhan Zhan

We prove here that the polynomial <nabla(C_p(1)), e_a h_b h_c> q, t-enumerates, by the statistics dinv and area, the parking functions whose supporting Dyck path touches the main diagonal according to the composition p of size a + b + c and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-05-10 Adriano M. Garsia , Guoce Xin , Mike Zabrocki

Let $\mathfrak{S}_n$ denote the symmetric group and let $W(\mathfrak{S}_n)$ denote the weak order of $\mathfrak{S}_n$. Through a surprising connection to a subset of parking functions, which we call unit Fubini rankings, we provide a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-06-23 Jennifer Elder , Pamela E. Harris , Jan Kretschmann , J. Carlos Martínez Mori

A defective $(m,n)$-parking function with defect $d$ is a parking function with $m$ cars attempting to park on a street with $n$ parking spots in which exactly $d$ cars fail to park. We establish a way to compute the defect of a defective…

Fubini rankings with $n$ competitors are $n$-tuples with entries in $[n]=\{1,2,3,\ldots, n\}$ that encode the conclusion of a race that allows ties. Since Fubini rankings are parking functions, we can study their parking outcomes, which are…

The original Shuffle Conjecture of Haglund et al. has a symmetric function side and a combinatorial side. The symmetric function side may be simply expressed as $<\nabla e_n, h_{\mu}>$ where \nabla is the Macdonald polynomial eigen-operator…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-04-29 Angela Hicks , Emily Leven

This paper provides an exploration of parking functions, a classical combinatorial object. We present two viewpoints on their structure and properties: through poset of noncrossing partitions and polytopes.

History and Overview · Mathematics 2024-12-17 Yan Liu

We investigate the construction of $\pm1$-valued completely multiplicative functions that take the value $+1$ at at most $k$ consecutive integers, which we call length-$k$ functions. We introduce a way to extend the length based on the idea…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-04-09 Yichen You

Parking functions of length $n$ are well known to be in correspondence with both labelled trees on $n+1$ vertices and factorizations of the full cycle $\sigma_n=(0\,1\,\cdots\,n)$ into $n$ transpositions. In fact, these correspondences can…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-09-19 John Irving , Amarpreet Rattan

In 1966, Konheim and Weiss [33] introduced a now classical parking protocol. The deterministic process and its resultant objects, known as parking functions, have since become a favorite object of study in enumerative combinatorics. In our…

We study Schroder paths drawn in a (m,n) rectangle, for any positive integers m and n. We get explicit enumeration formulas, closely linked to those for the corresponding (m,n)-Dyck paths. Moreover we study a Schroder version of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-04-01 Jean-Christophe Aval , Francois Bergeron

Stanley recently introduced the shifted parking function symmetric function $SH_n$, which is the shiftification of Haiman's parking function symmetric function $PF_n$. The function $SH_n$ lives in the subalgebra of symmetric functions…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-19 Zachary Hamaker , Jesse Kim
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