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Based on a new atomic norm, we propose a new convex formulation for sparse matrix factorization problems in which the number of nonzero elements of the factors is assumed fixed and known. The formulation counts sparse PCA with multiple…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-12-05 Emile Richard , Guillaume Obozinski , Jean-Philippe Vert

Rank minimization is of interest in machine learning applications such as recommender systems and robust principal component analysis. Minimizing the convex relaxation to the rank minimization problem, the nuclear norm, is an effective…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-03-30 April Sagan , John E. Mitchell

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a very successful dimensionality reduction technique, widely used in predictive modeling. A key factor in its widespread use in this domain is the fact that the projection of a dataset onto its first…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-05-19 Xianghui Luo , Robert J. Durrant

Multivariate Functional Principal Component Analysis (MFPCA) is a valuable tool for exploring relationships and identifying shared patterns of variation in multivariate functional data. However, controlling the roughness of the extracted…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-06-27 Hossein Haghbin , Yue Zhao , Mehdi Maadooliat

Principal component analysis (PCA) is arguably the most widely used dimension-reduction method for vector-type data. When applied to a sample of images, PCA requires vectorization of the image data, which in turn entails solving an…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-02 Szu-Chi Chung , Shao-Hsuan Wang , Po-Yao Niu , Su-Yun Huang , Wei-Hau Chang , I-Ping Tu

Factor analysis, a classical multivariate statistical technique is popularly used as a fundamental tool for dimensionality reduction in statistics, econometrics and data science. Estimation is often carried out via the Maximum Likelihood…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-01-19 Koulik Khamaru , Rahul Mazumder

The matrix factor model has drawn growing attention for its advantage in achieving two-directional dimension reduction simultaneously for matrix-structured observations. In this paper, we propose a simple iterative least squares algorithm…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-08-02 Yong He , Ran Zhao , Wen-Xin Zhou

Tensor, also known as multi-dimensional array, arises from many applications in signal processing, manufacturing processes, healthcare, among others. As one of the most popular methods in tensor literature, Robust tensor principal component…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-18 Bo Shen , Yutong Zhang , Zhenyu , Kong

In this paper, we propose a new algorithm for recovery of low-rank matrices from compressed linear measurements. The underlying idea of this algorithm is to closely approximate the rank function with a smooth function of singular values,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-18 Mohammadreza Malek-Mohammadi , Massoud Babaie-Zadeh , Mikael Skoglund

Factor analysis (FA) plays a critical role in psychometrics, econometrics, and statistics. Recently, maximum likelihood FA (MLFA) has been applied to direction of arrival (DOA) estimation in unknown nonuniform noise and a variety of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-06 Mingyan Gong

The heteroscedastic probabilistic principal component analysis (PCA) technique, a variant of the classic PCA that considers data heterogeneity, is receiving more and more attention in the data science and signal processing communities. In…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-12-07 Jinxin Wang , Chonghe Jiang , Huikang Liu , Anthony Man-Cho So

Principal component analysis (PCA) is a classical and widely used method for dimensionality reduction, with applications in data compression, computer vision, pattern recognition, and signal processing. However, PCA is designed for…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-01 Wenhui Wu , Changchun Shang , Jianhua Zhao , Xuan Ma , Yue Wang

Principal component analysis (PCA) requires the computation of a low-rank approximation to a matrix containing the data being analyzed. In many applications of PCA, the best possible accuracy of any rank-deficient approximation is at most a…

Computation · Statistics 2010-06-04 Vladimir Rokhlin , Arthur Szlam , Mark Tygert

We explore the algebraic structure of the solution space of convex optimization problem Constrained Minimum Trace Factor Analysis (CMTFA), when the population covariance matrix $\Sigma_x$ has an additional latent graphical constraint,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-01-14 Md Mahmudul Hasan , Shuangqing Wei , Ali Moharrer

The linearly constrained matrix rank minimization problem is widely applicable in many fields such as control, signal processing and system identification. The tightest convex relaxation of this problem is the linearly constrained nuclear…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2009-05-12 Shiqian Ma , Donald Goldfarb , Lifeng Chen

Music structure analysis (MSA) systems aim to segment a song recording into non-overlapping sections with useful labels. Previous MSA systems typically predict abstract labels in a post-processing step and require the full context of the…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-11-30 Ju-Chiang Wang , Jordan B. L. Smith , Yun-Ning Hung

Principal component analysis (PCA) is a classical dimension reduction method which projects data onto the principal subspace spanned by the leading eigenvectors of the covariance matrix. However, it behaves poorly when the number of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2013-05-27 Zongming Ma

Robust principal component analysis (RPCA) has been widely used for recovering low-rank matrices in many data mining and machine learning problems. It separates a data matrix into a low-rank part and a sparse part. The convex approach has…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-09-29 Chong Peng , Zhao Kang , Qiang Chen

For subspace estimation with an unknown colored noise, Factor Analysis (FA) is a good candidate for replacing the popular eigenvalue decomposition (EVD). Finding the unknowns in factor analysis can be done by solving a non-linear least…

Computation · Statistics 2018-04-03 Ahmad Mouri Sardarabadi , Alle-Jan van der Veen , L. V. E. Koopmans

Dimensionality reduction is a crucial step for pattern recognition and data mining tasks to overcome the curse of dimensionality. Principal component analysis (PCA) is a traditional technique for unsupervised dimensionality reduction, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-05-04 Zan Gao , Guotai Zhang , Feiping Nie , Hua Zhang