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Linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) have played a central role in certifying stability, robustness, and forward invariance of dynamical systems. Despite rapid development in learning-based methods for control design and certificate synthesis,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Sunbochen Tang , Andrea Goertzen , Navid Azizan

Certifiable robustness gives the guarantee that small perturbations around an input to a classifier will not change the prediction. There are two approaches to provide certifiable robustness to adversarial examples: a) explicitly training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Meiyu Zhong , Ravi Tandon

It is a highly desirable property for deep networks to be robust against small input changes. One popular way to achieve this property is by designing networks with a small Lipschitz constant. In this work, we propose a new technique for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-04 Bernd Prach , Christoph H. Lampert

The Lipschitz constant of a network plays an important role in many applications of deep learning, such as robustness certification and Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Network. We introduce a semidefinite programming hierarchy to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-10-29 Tong Chen , Jean-Bernard Lasserre , Victor Magron , Edouard Pauwels

Implicit neural networks, a.k.a., deep equilibrium networks, are a class of implicit-depth learning models where function evaluation is performed by solving a fixed point equation. They generalize classic feedforward models and are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-27 Saber Jafarpour , Alexander Davydov , Anton V. Proskurnikov , Francesco Bullo

Deep residual networks (ResNets) have demonstrated outstanding success in computer vision tasks, attributed to their ability to maintain gradient flow through deep architectures. Simultaneously, controlling the Lipschitz bound in neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Marius F. R. Juston , William R. Norris , Dustin Nottage , Ahmet Soylemezoglu

Image restoration, the recovery of clean images from degraded measurements, has applications in various domains like surveillance, defense, and medical imaging. Despite achieving state-of-the-art (SOTA) restoration performance, existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Shubhi Shukla , Pravin Nair

We introduce an output layer for neural networks that ensures satisfaction of convex constraints. Our approach, $\Pi$net, leverages operator splitting for rapid and reliable projections in the forward pass, and the implicit function theorem…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Panagiotis D. Grontas , Antonio Terpin , Efe C. Balta , Raffaello D'Andrea , John Lygeros

Due to its applications in many different places in machine learning and other connected engineering applications, the problem of minimization of a smooth function that satisfies the Polyak-{\L}ojasiewicz condition receives much attention…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-12-09 Ilya A. Kuruzov , Fedor S. Stonyakin , Mohammad S. Alkousa

We study local linear convergence of gradient descent for finite-width feedforward networks under the squared empirical loss. Prior work shows that GD can remain confined to a Locally Quasi-Convex Region (LQCR) around initialization, but…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-29 Agnideep Aich , Ashit Baran Aich , Bruce Wade

We initiate the study of the inherent tradeoffs between the size of a neural network and its robustness, as measured by its Lipschitz constant. We make a precise conjecture that, for any Lipschitz activation function and for most datasets,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-26 Sébastien Bubeck , Yuanzhi Li , Dheeraj Nagaraj

We give a polynomial-time algorithm for learning neural networks with one layer of sigmoids feeding into any Lipschitz, monotone activation function (e.g., sigmoid or ReLU). We make no assumptions on the structure of the network, and the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-04-24 Surbhi Goel , Adam Klivans

It is well established that to ensure or certify the robustness of a neural network, its Lipschitz constant plays a prominent role. However, its calculation is NP-hard. In this note, by taking into account activation regions at each layer…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-02-05 Mohammed Sbihi , Sophie Jan , Nicolas Couellan

This manuscript bridges nonparametric smoothness-based and shape-restricted estimation, which may appear as two disjoint paradigms in the field. The proposed approach is motivated by a conceptually simple observation: every Lipschitz…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-22 Kenta Takatsu , Tianyu Zhang , Arun Kumar Kuchibhotla

This paper is concerned with the training of neural networks (NNs) under semidefinite constraints, which allows for NN training with robustness and stability guarantees. In particular, we focus on Lipschitz bounds for NNs. Exploiting the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-21 Patricia Pauli , Niklas Funcke , Dennis Gramlich , Mohamed Amine Msalmi , Frank Allgöwer

Although the optimization objectives for learning neural networks are highly non-convex, gradient-based methods have been wildly successful at learning neural networks in practice. This juxtaposition has led to a number of recent studies on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-14 Spencer Frei , Quanquan Gu

We address the behavior of idealized deep residual neural networks (ResNets), modeled via an optimal control problem set over continuity (or adjoint transport) equations. The continuity equations describe the statistical evolution of the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-07-14 Samuel Daudin , François Delarue

We introduce a neural network architecture to solve inverse problems linked to a one-dimensional integral operator. This architecture is built by unfolding a forward-backward algorithm derived from the minimization of an objective function…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-06-01 Emilie Chouzenoux , Cecile Della Valle , Jean-Christophe Pesquet

Techniques known as Nonlinear Set Membership prediction, Kinky Inference or Lipschitz Interpolation are fast and numerically robust approaches to nonparametric machine learning that have been proposed to be utilised in the context of system…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-03-01 Jan-Peter Calliess

We address the problem of verifying neural networks against geometric transformations of the input image, including rotation, scaling, shearing, and translation. The proposed method computes provably sound piecewise linear constraints for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Ben Batten , Yang Zheng , Alessandro De Palma , Panagiotis Kouvaros , Alessio Lomuscio