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Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) seeks to enhance the transparency and accountability of machine learning systems, yet most methods follow a one-size-fits-all paradigm that neglects user differences in expertise, goals, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Vittoria Vineis , Matteo Silvestri , Lorenzo Antonelli , Filippo Betello , Gabriele Tolomei

AI creation, such as poem or lyrics generation, has attracted increasing attention from both industry and academic communities, with many promising models proposed in the past few years. Existing methods usually estimate the outputs based…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Qian Cao , Xu Chen , Ruihua Song , Hao Jiang , Guang Yang , Zhao Cao

Text does not fully specify the spoken form, so text-to-speech models must be able to learn from speech data that vary in ways not explained by the corresponding text. One way to reduce the amount of unexplained variation in training data…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-17 Devang S Ram Mohan , Vivian Hu , Tian Huey Teh , Alexandra Torresquintero , Christopher G. R. Wallis , Marlene Staib , Lorenzo Foglianti , Jiameng Gao , Simon King

Learning from human feedback has shown success in aligning large, pretrained models with human values. Prior works have mostly focused on learning from high-level labels, such as preferences between pairs of model outputs. On the other…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Amber Xie , Chin-Yi Cheng , Forrest Huang , Yang Li

Aligning large language models (LLMs) with diverse and multifaceted user preferences is a fundamental challenge in personalized AI systems. Existing multi-objective alignment methods either rely on costly training or require pre-trained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Linhao Luo , Thuy-Trang Vu , Van-Anh Nguyen , Junae Kim , Gholamreza Haffari , Dinh Phung

Current language models decode text token by token according to probabilistic distribution, and determining the appropriate candidates for the next token is crucial to ensure generation quality. This study introduces adaptive decoding, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Wenhong Zhu , Hongkun Hao , Zhiwei He , Yiming Ai , Rui Wang

Commit messages record code changes (e.g., feature modifications and bug repairs) in natural language, and are useful for program comprehension. Due to the frequent updates of software and time cost, developers are generally unmotivated to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-11-12 Shangqing Liu , Cuiyun Gao , Sen Chen , Lun Yiu Nie , Yang Liu

Environmental sounds like footsteps, keyboard typing, or dog barking carry rich information and emotional context, making them valuable for designing haptics in user applications. Existing audio-to-vibration methods, however, rely on…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Yinan Li , Hasti Seifi

As multimodal content continues to expand at a rapid pace, audio retrieval has emerged as a key enabling technology for media search, content organization, and intelligent assistants. However, most existing benchmarks concentrate on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Honglei Zhang , Yuting Chen , Chenpeng Hu , Siyue Zhang , Yilei Shi

In the last two decades, the landscape of text generation has undergone tremendous changes and is being reshaped by the success of deep learning. New technologies for text generation ranging from template-based methods to neural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-05-07 Qiuyun Zhang , Bin Guo , Hao Wang , Yunji Liang , Shaoyang Hao , Zhiwen Yu

Reward models (RMs) are crucial for aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences. They are trained using preference datasets where each example consists of one input prompt, two responses, and a preference label. As curating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Jiaming Shen , Ran Xu , Yennie Jun , Zhen Qin , Tianqi Liu , Carl Yang , Yi Liang , Simon Baumgartner , Michael Bendersky

Existing dialog datasets contain a sequence of utterances and responses without any explicit background knowledge associated with them. This has resulted in the development of models which treat conversation as a sequence-to-sequence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-24 Nikita Moghe , Siddhartha Arora , Suman Banerjee , Mitesh M. Khapra

Recent work in large language modeling (LLMs) has used fine-tuning to align outputs with the preferences of a prototypical user. This work assumes that human preferences are static and homogeneous across individuals, so that aligning to a a…

Although text-to-audio generation has made remarkable progress in realism and diversity, the development of evaluation metrics has not kept pace. Widely-adopted approaches, typically based on embedding similarity like CLAPScore, effectively…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-22 Chun-Yi Kuan , Kai-Wei Chang , Hung-yi Lee

Faithful text rendering remains a persistent weakness of large text-to-image generative models, as it requires both semantic instruction following and fine-grained glyph-level structure. Prior methods often improve this ability through…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Mingxuan Cui , Jingpu Yang , Fengxian Ji , Qian Jiang , Zhecheng Shi , Jiaming Wang , Zirui Song , Fajri Koto , Xiuying Chen

Bilingual text-to-motion generation, which synthesizes 3D human motions from bilingual text inputs, holds immense potential for cross-linguistic applications in gaming, film, and robotics. However, this task faces critical challenges: the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Wanjiang Weng , Xiaofeng Tan , Hongsong Wang , Pan Zhou

When a teacher provides examples for a student to study, these examples must be informative, enabling a student to progress from their current state toward a target concept or skill. Good teachers must therefore simultaneously infer what…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Alexis Ross , Jacob Andreas

Recent advancements in audio generation have been spurred by the evolution of large-scale deep learning models and expansive datasets. However, the task of video-to-audio (V2A) generation continues to be a challenge, principally because of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-20 Xinhao Mei , Varun Nagaraja , Gael Le Lan , Zhaoheng Ni , Ernie Chang , Yangyang Shi , Vikas Chandra

In recent years, with the development of deep learning, text generation technology has undergone great changes and provided many kinds of services for human beings, such as restaurant reservation and daily communication. The automatically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-25 Bin Guo , Hao Wang , Yasan Ding , Wei Wu , Shaoyang Hao , Yueqi Sun , Zhiwen Yu

Acoustics-to-word models are end-to-end speech recognizers that use words as targets without relying on pronunciation dictionaries or graphemes. These models are notoriously difficult to train due to the lack of linguistic knowledge. It is…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-11-14 Hao Tang , James Glass