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Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) are one of the most widely employed forms of bio-inspired computation. However the current trend is for ANNs to be structurally homogeneous. Furthermore, this structural homogeneity requires the application…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Andrew Walter , Shimeng Wu , Andy M. Tyrrell , Liam McDaid , Malachy McElholm , Nidhin Thandassery Sumithran , Jim Harkin , Martin A. Trefzer

As the usage of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on resource-intensive and safety-critical tasks increases, a variety of Machine Learning (ML) compilers have been developed, enabling compatibility of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) with a variety…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Nikolaos Louloudakis , Perry Gibson , José Cano , Ajitha Rajan

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has witnessed remarkable growth, particularly through the proliferation of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs). These powerful models drive technological advancements across various domains. However, to harness their…

Artificial neural networks have become ubiquitous in modern life, which has triggered the emergence of a new class of application specific integrated circuits for their acceleration. ReRAM-based accelerators have gained significant traction…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-08-14 Jason K. Eshraghian , Sung-Mo Kang , Seungbum Baek , Garrick Orchard , Herbert Ho-Ching Iu , Wen Lei

The Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) have been originally designed to function like a biological neural network, but does an ANN really work in the same way as a biological neural network? As we know, the human brain holds information in…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-01-08 Usman Ahmad , Hong Song , Awais Bilal , Shahid Mahmood , Asad Ullah , Uzair Saeed

The demand for computation resources and energy efficiency of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) applications requires a new paradigm to overcome the "Memory Wall". Analog In-Memory Computing (AIMC) is a promising paradigm since it…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-11-24 Nazareno Bruschi , Giuseppe Tagliavini , Angelo Garofalo , Francesco Conti , Irem Boybat , Luca Benini , Davide Rossi

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have achieved great success in a variety of machine learning (ML) applications, delivering high-quality inferencing solutions in computer vision, natural language processing, and virtual reality, etc. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-29 Xiaofan Zhang , Yao Chen , Cong Hao , Sitao Huang , Yuhong Li , Deming Chen

Machine learning is playing an increasingly significant role in emerging mobile application domains such as AR/VR, ADAS, etc. Accordingly, hardware architects have designed customized hardware for machine learning algorithms, especially…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-02-05 Yuhao Zhu , Matthew Mattina , Paul Whatmough

Artificial neural networks (ANNs), have become ubiquitous and revolutionized many applications ranging from computer vision to medical diagnoses. However, they offer a fundamentally connectionist and distributed approach to computing, in…

The architecture of a neural network (NN) plays a critical role in determining its performance. However, there is no general closed-form function that maps between network structure and accuracy, making the process of architecture design…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Jinwook Hong

We propose a Digital Neuron, a hardware inference accelerator for convolutional deep neural networks with integer inputs and integer weights for embedded systems. The main idea to reduce circuit area and power consumption is manipulating…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-02-08 Hyunbin Park , Dohyun Kim , Shiho Kim

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have been widely used in many artificial intelligence (AI) tasks. However, deploying them brings significant challenges due to the huge cost of memory, energy, and computation. To address these challenges,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-13 Xue Geng , Zhe Wang , Chunyun Chen , Qing Xu , Kaixin Xu , Chao Jin , Manas Gupta , Xulei Yang , Zhenghua Chen , Mohamed M. Sabry Aly , Jie Lin , Min Wu , Xiaoli Li

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) use a fully-connected layer to extract features from the nodes of a graph and aggregate these features using message passing between nodes, combining two distinct computational patterns: dense, regular…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-03-22 Jacob R. Stevens , Dipankar Das , Sasikanth Avancha , Bharat Kaul , Anand Raghunathan

The massive use of artificial neural networks (ANNs), increasingly popular in many areas of scientific computing, rapidly increases the energy consumption of modern high-performance computing systems. An appealing and possibly more…

Photonic Microring Resonator (MRR) based hardware accelerators have been shown to provide disruptive speedup and energy-efficiency improvements for processing deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). However, previous MRR-based CNN…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-07-13 Sairam Sri Vatsavai , Ishan G Thakkar

The increasing amount of data processed on edge and the demand for reducing the energy consumption for large neural network architectures have initiated the transition from traditional von Neumann architectures towards in-memory computing…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-09-27 O. Krestinskaya , L. Zhang , K. N. Salama

Recently Resistive-RAM (RRAM) crossbar has been used in the design of the accelerator of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to solve the memory wall issue. However, the intensive multiply-accumulate computations (MACs) executed at the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-06-10 Xizi Chen , Jingyang Zhu , Jingbo Jiang , Chi-Ying Tsui

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) are an important class of neural networks designed to retain and incorporate context into current decisions. RNNs are particularly well suited for machine learning problems in which context is important,…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-05-22 Mohammad Hossein Samavatian , Anys Bacha , Li Zhou , Radu Teodorescu

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are emerging for machine learning research on graph-structured data. GNNs achieve state-of-the-art performance on many tasks, but they face scalability challenges when it comes to real-world applications that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Shichang Zhang , Atefeh Sohrabizadeh , Cheng Wan , Zijie Huang , Ziniu Hu , Yewen Wang , Yingyan , Lin , Jason Cong , Yizhou Sun

Neural networks are an increasingly attractive algorithm for natural language processing and pattern recognition. Deep networks with >50M parameters are made possible by modern GPU clusters operating at <50 pJ per op and more recently,…