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The quantized neural network (QNN) is an efficient approach for network compression and can be widely used in the implementation of FPGAs. This paper proposes a novel learning framework for n-bit QNNs, whose weights are constrained to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-07 Jun Chen , Liang Liu , Yong Liu , Xianfang Zeng

While hardware implementations of inference routines for Binarized Neural Networks (BNNs) are plentiful, current realizations of efficient BNN hardware training accelerators, suitable for Internet of Things (IoT) edge devices, leave much to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-02-18 Corey Lammie , Wei Xiang , Mostafa Rahimi Azghadi

Although weight and activation quantization is an effective approach for Deep Neural Network (DNN) compression and has a lot of potentials to increase inference speed leveraging bit-operations, there is still a noticeable gap in terms of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-27 Dongqing Zhang , Jiaolong Yang , Dongqiangzi Ye , Gang Hua

Embedding Artificial Intelligence onto low-power devices is a challenging task that has been partly overcome with recent advances in machine learning and hardware design. Presently, deep neural networks can be deployed on embedded targets…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-24 Pierre-Emmanuel Novac , Ghouthi Boukli Hacene , Alain Pegatoquet , Benoît Miramond , Vincent Gripon

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has outperformed other counterparts in sequential decision-making and dynamic environment control. However, FPGA deployment is significantly resource-expensive, as associated with large number of computations in…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Anushka Jha , Tanushree Dewangan , Mukul Lokhande , Santosh Kumar Vishvakarma

As wireless communication systems advance toward Sixth Generation (6G) Radio Access Networks (RAN), Deep Learning (DL)-based neural receivers are emerging as transformative solutions for Physical Layer (PHY) processing, delivering superior…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-16 SaiKrishna Saketh Yellapragada , Esa Ollila , Mario Costa

We study the problem of training and certifying adversarially robust quantized neural networks (QNNs). Quantization is a technique for making neural networks more efficient by running them using low-bit integer arithmetic and is therefore…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-30 Mathias Lechner , Đorđe Žikelić , Krishnendu Chatterjee , Thomas A. Henzinger , Daniela Rus

Quantization-aware training (QAT) is typically performed for a single target numeric format, while practical deployments often need to choose numerical precision at inference time based on hardware support or runtime constraints. We study…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Zifei Xu , Sayeh Sharify , Hesham Mostafa

Visual tokenizers are fundamental to image generation. They convert visual data into discrete tokens, enabling transformer-based models to excel at image generation. Despite their success, VQ-based tokenizers like VQGAN face significant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Zechen Bai , Jianxiong Gao , Ziteng Gao , Pichao Wang , Zheng Zhang , Tong He , Mike Zheng Shou

Diffusion models have achieved great success in image synthesis through iterative noise estimation using deep neural networks. However, the slow inference, high memory consumption, and computation intensity of the noise estimation model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-09 Xiuyu Li , Yijiang Liu , Long Lian , Huanrui Yang , Zhen Dong , Daniel Kang , Shanghang Zhang , Kurt Keutzer

Model quantization reduces the bit-width of weights and activations, improving memory efficiency and inference speed in diffusion models. However, achieving 4-bit quantization remains challenging. Existing methods, primarily based on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Maosen Zhao , Pengtao Chen , Chong Yu , Yan Wen , Xudong Tan , Tao Chen

Quantization has become a mainstream compression technique for reducing model size, computational requirements, and energy consumption for modern deep neural networks (DNNs). With improved numerical support in recent hardware, including…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-02 Jordan Dotzel , Gang Wu , Andrew Li , Muhammad Umar , Yun Ni , Mohamed S. Abdelfattah , Zhiru Zhang , Liqun Cheng , Martin G. Dixon , Norman P. Jouppi , Quoc V. Le , Sheng Li

Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) is essential for deploying Large Language Models (LLMs) on memory-constrained devices, yet it renders models static and difficult to fine-tune. Standard fine-tuning paradigms, including Reinforcement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Yinggan Xu , Risto Miikkulainen , Xin Qiu

Post-training quantization (PTQ) is the go-to compression technique for large generative models, such as stable diffusion or large language models. PTQ methods commonly keep the softmax activation in higher precision as it has been shown to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Nilesh Prasad Pandey , Marios Fournarakis , Chirag Patel , Markus Nagel

This paper presents the first comprehensive empirical study demonstrating the efficacy of the Brain Floating Point (BFLOAT16) half-precision format for Deep Learning training across image classification, speech recognition, language…

Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) reduces the memory footprint and computational overhead of deep neural networks by converting full-precision (FP) values into quantized and compressed data types. While PTQ is more cost-efficient than…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Ali Zoljodi , Radu Timofte , Masoud Daneshtalab

Quantization-Aware Training (QAT) is one of the prevailing neural network compression solutions. However, its stability has been challenged for yielding deteriorating performances as the quantization error is inevitable. We find that the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Junbiao Pang , Tianyang Cai

Machine Learning algorithms based on Brain-inspired Hyperdimensional(HD) computing imitate cognition by exploiting statistical properties of high-dimensional vector spaces. It is a promising solution for achieving high energy efficiency in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-12 Samuel Bosch , Alexander Sanchez de la Cerda , Mohsen Imani , Tajana Simunic Rosing , Giovanni De Micheli

For large language models (LLMs), post-training quantization (PTQ) can significantly reduce memory footprint and computational overhead. Model quantization is rapidly evolving. Though many papers report breakthrough results, they are often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Yutong Liu , Cairong Zhao , Guosheng Hu

Recent advances in deep learning methods such as LLMs and Diffusion models have created a need for improved quantization methods that can meet the computational demands of these modern architectures while maintaining accuracy. Towards this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Haihao Shen , Naveen Mellempudi , Xin He , Qun Gao , Chang Wang , Mengni Wang