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Unsupervised graph anomaly detection aims at identifying rare patterns that deviate from the majority in a graph without the aid of labels, which is important for a variety of real-world applications. Recent advances have utilized Graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yuanchen Bei , Sheng Zhou , Jinke Shi , Yao Ma , Haishuai Wang , Jiajun Bu

While Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) excel on graph-structured data, their performance is fundamentally limited by the quality of the observed graph, which often contains noise, missing links, or structural properties misaligned with GNNs'…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Hao Deng , Bo Liu

Graph anomaly detection technology has broad applications in financial fraud and risk control. However, existing graph anomaly detection methods often face significant challenges when dealing with complex and variable abnormal patterns, as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Qingyue Cao , Bo Jin , Changwei Gong , Xin Tong , Wenzheng Li , Xiaodong Zhou

Graph-level anomaly detection aims to identify anomalous graphs or subgraphs within graph datasets, playing a vital role in various fields such as fraud detection, review classification, and biochemistry. While Graph Neural Networks (GNNs)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Liting Li , Yumeng Wang , Yueheng Sun

This survey paper presents a comprehensive and conceptual overview of anomaly detection using dynamic graphs. We focus on existing graph-based anomaly detection (AD) techniques and their applications to dynamic networks. The contributions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Ocheme Anthony Ekle , William Eberle

Semi-supervised graph anomaly detection (GAD) has recently received increasing attention, which aims to distinguish anomalous patterns from graphs under the guidance of a moderate amount of labeled data and a large volume of unlabeled data.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Jiazhen Chen , Sichao Fu , Zheng Ma , Mingbin Feng , Tony S. Wirjanto , Qinmu Peng

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) often struggle with heterophilic data, where connected nodes may have dissimilar labels, as they typically assume homophily and rely on local message passing. To address this, we propose creating alternative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Victor M. Tenorio , Madeline Navarro , Samuel Rey , Santiago Segarra , Antonio G. Marques

Network anomaly detection aims to find network elements (e.g., nodes, edges, subgraphs) with significantly different behaviors from the vast majority. It has a profound impact in a variety of applications ranging from finance, healthcare to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-23 Kaize Ding , Qinghai Zhou , Hanghang Tong , Huan Liu

Anomaly detection suffered from the lack of anomalies due to the diversity of abnormalities and the difficulties of obtaining large-scale anomaly data. Semi-supervised anomaly detection methods are often used to solely leverage normal data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Jian Shi , Ni Zhang

With a long history of traditional Graph Anomaly Detection (GAD) algorithms and recently popular Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), it is still not clear (1) how they perform under a standard comprehensive setting, (2) whether GNNs can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-17 Jianheng Tang , Fengrui Hua , Ziqi Gao , Peilin Zhao , Jia Li

Graphs are used widely to model complex systems, and detecting anomalies in a graph is an important task in the analysis of complex systems. Graph anomalies are patterns in a graph that do not conform to normal patterns expected of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-05 Hwan Kim , Byung Suk Lee , Won-Yong Shin , Sungsu Lim

Few-shot graph anomaly detection (GAD) has recently garnered increasing attention, which aims to discern anomalous patterns among abundant unlabeled test nodes under the guidance of a limited number of labeled training nodes. Existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Jiazhen Chen , Sichao Fu , Zhibin Zhang , Zheng Ma , Mingbin Feng , Tony S. Wirjanto , Qinmu Peng

Graph anomaly detection (GAD), which aims to identify abnormal nodes that differ from the majority within a graph, has garnered significant attention. However, current GAD methods necessitate training specific to each dataset, resulting in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Yixin Liu , Shiyuan Li , Yu Zheng , Qingfeng Chen , Chengqi Zhang , Shirui Pan

Graph anomaly detection has attracted a lot of interest recently. Despite their successes, existing detectors have at least two of the three weaknesses: (a) high computational cost which limits them to small-scale networks only; (b)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Zhong Zhuang , Kai Ming Ting , Guansong Pang , Shuaibin Song

Water is the lifeblood of river networks, and its quality plays a crucial role in sustaining both aquatic ecosystems and human societies. Real-time monitoring of water quality is increasingly reliant on in-situ sensor technology. Anomaly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Katie Buchhorn , Edgar Santos-Fernandez , Kerrie Mengersen , Robert Salomone

We propose AGS-GNN, a novel attribute-guided sampling algorithm for Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) that exploits node features and connectivity structure of a graph while simultaneously adapting for both homophily and heterophily in graphs.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-27 Siddhartha Shankar Das , S M Ferdous , Mahantesh M Halappanavar , Edoardo Serra , Alex Pothen

We propose a simple yet effective method for detecting anomalous instances on an attribute graph with label information of a small number of instances. Although with standard anomaly detection methods it is usually assumed that instances…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-02-28 Atsutoshi Kumagai , Tomoharu Iwata , Yasuhiro Fujiwara

Unified anomaly detection (AD) is one of the most challenges for anomaly detection, where one unified model is trained with normal samples from multiple classes with the objective to detect anomalies in these classes. For such a challenging…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Xincheng Yao , Ruoqi Li , Zefeng Qian , Lu Wang , Chongyang Zhang

With the rapid growth of graph-structured data in critical domains, unsupervised graph-level anomaly detection (UGAD) has become a pivotal task. UGAD seeks to identify entire graphs that deviate from normal behavioral patterns. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Qingfeng Chen , Haojin Zeng , Jingyi Jie , Shichao Zhang , Debo Cheng

Anomaly detection is a crucial task in complex distributed systems. A thorough understanding of the requirements and challenges of anomaly detection is pivotal to the security of such systems, especially for real-world deployment. While…