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A critical failure mode of current lifelong agents is not lack of knowledge, but the inability to decide how to reason. When an agent encounters "Is this coin fair?" it must recognize whether to invoke frequentist hypothesis testing or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Zhaohui Geoffrey Wang

We consider the problem of repeatedly allocating multiple shareable public goods that have limited availability in an online setting without the use of money. In our setting, agents have additive values, and the value each agent receives…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Chido Onyeze , David X. Lin , Siddhartha Banerjee , Éva Tardos

Recent advances in the intrinsic reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) have given rise to LLM-based agent systems that exhibit near-human performance on a variety of automated tasks. However, although these systems share…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Bingxi Zhao , Lin Geng Foo , Ping Hu , Christian Theobalt , Hossein Rahmani , Jun Liu

When designing agents for operation in uncertain environments, designers need tools to automatically reason about what agents ought to do, how that conflicts with what is actually happening, and how a policy might be modified to remove the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Colin Shea-Blymyer , Houssam Abbas

We propose a multi-agent epistemic logic capturing reasoning with degrees of plausibility that agents can assign to a given statement, with $1$ interpreted as "entirely plausible for the agent" and $0$ as "completely implausible" (i.e., the…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-12-18 Marta Bílková , Thomas Ferguson , Daniil Kozhemiachenko

This paper makes a first step towards a logic of learning from experiments. For this, we investigate formal frameworks for modeling the interaction of causal and (qualitative) epistemic reasoning. Crucial for our approach is the idea that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-12-02 Fausto Barbero , Katrin Schulz , Fernando R. Velázquez-Quesada , Kaibo Xie

We frame Question Answering (QA) as a Reinforcement Learning task, an approach that we call Active Question Answering. We propose an agent that sits between the user and a black box QA system and learns to reformulate questions to elicit…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-03-05 Christian Buck , Jannis Bulian , Massimiliano Ciaramita , Wojciech Gajewski , Andrea Gesmundo , Neil Houlsby , Wei Wang

This paper presents a comprehensive framework for run-time self-checking of logical agents, by means of temporal axioms to be dynamically checked. These axioms are specified by using an agent-oriented interval temporal logic defined to this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-11-10 Stefania Costantini

Autonomous agents are supposed to be able to finish tasks or achieve goals that are assigned by their users through performing a sequence of actions. Since there might exist multiple plans that an agent can follow and each plan might…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-04-12 Jieting Luo , Beishui Liao , Dov Gabbay

This paper advances motion agents empowered by large language models (LLMs) toward autonomous navigation in dynamic and cluttered environments, significantly surpassing first and recent seminal but limited studies on LLM's spatial…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Yubo Zhao , Qi Wu , Yifan Wang , Yu-Wing Tai , Chi-Keung Tang

We present an epistemic logic equipped with time-stamps in the atoms and epistemic operators, which allows to reason not only about information available to the different agents, but also about the moments at which events happens and new…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-05-10 Raúl Pardo , César Sánchez , Gerardo Schneider

In this paper, we generalize epistemic logic so that it can help reason about ways of combining common knowledge and distributed knowledge such as "common distributed knowledge", "distributed common knowledge", "distributed common…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Chenwei Shi

A default assumption in the design of reinforcement-learning algorithms is that a decision-making agent always explores to learn optimal behavior. In sufficiently complex environments that approach the vastness and scale of the real world,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Dilip Arumugam , Saurabh Kumar , Ramki Gummadi , Benjamin Van Roy

Recent debates over adults' theory of mind use have been fueled by surprising failures of perspective-taking in communication, suggesting that perspective-taking can be relatively effortful. How, then, should speakers and listeners allocate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-13 Robert D. Hawkins , Hyowon Gweon , Noah D. Goodman

Generalization to out of distribution tasks in reinforcement learning is a challenging problem. One successful approach improves generalization by conditioning policies on task or environment descriptions that provide information about the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-27 Kolby Nottingham , Alekhya Pyla , Sameer Singh , Roy Fox

What makes a society possible at all? How is coordination and cooperation in social activity possible? What is the minimal mental architecture of a social agent? How is the information about the state of the world related to the agents…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Eric Werner

Information is often stored in a distributed and proprietary form, and agents who own information are often self-interested and require incentives to reveal their information. Suitable mechanisms are required to elicit and aggregate such…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2022-12-02 Wenlong Wang , Thomas Pfeiffer

Chain-of-thought prompting has popularized step-by-step reasoning in large language models, yet model performance still degrades as problem complexity and context length grow. By decomposing difficult tasks with long contexts into shorter,…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Michael Rizvi-Martel , Satwik Bhattamishra , Neil Rathi , Guillaume Rabusseau , Michael Hahn

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate that chain-of-thought prompting and deep reasoning substantially enhance performance on complex tasks, and multi-agent systems can further improve accuracy by enabling model…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Zehui Ling , Deshu Chen , Yichi Zhang , Yuchen Liu , Xigui Li , Xin Guo , Yuan Cheng

We consider a cooperative multi-agent system consisting of a team of agents with decentralized information. Our focus is on the design of symmetric (i.e. identical) strategies for the agents in order to optimize a finite horizon team…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-07-17 Sagar Sudhakara , Ashutosh Nayyar