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This paper studies covariate adjusted estimation of the average treatment effect in stratified experiments. We work in a general framework that includes matched tuples designs, coarse stratification, and complete randomization as special…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-07-23 Max Cytrynbaum

A common pursuit in modern statistical learning is to attain satisfactory generalization out of the source data distribution (OOD). In theory, the challenge remains unsolved even under the canonical setting of covariate shift for the linear…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-02-14 Yuanshi Liu , Haihan Zhang , Qian Chen , Cong Fang

Covariate shift in regression problems and the associated distribution mismatch between training and test data is a commonly encountered phenomenon in machine learning. In this paper, we extend recent results on nonparametric convergence…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-05-28 Lukas Trottner

The label shift problem refers to the supervised learning setting where the train and test label distributions do not match. Existing work addressing label shift usually assumes access to an \emph{unlabelled} test sample. This sample may be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-18 Jingzhao Zhang , Aditya Menon , Andreas Veit , Srinadh Bhojanapalli , Sanjiv Kumar , Suvrit Sra

Making predictions that are fair with regard to protected group membership (race, gender, age, etc.) has become an important requirement for classification algorithms. Existing techniques derive a fair model from sampled labeled data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-09 Ashkan Rezaei , Anqi Liu , Omid Memarrast , Brian Ziebart

In machine learning, a bias occurs whenever training sets are not representative for the test data, which results in unreliable models. The most common biases in data are arguably class imbalance and covariate shift. In this work, we aim to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-04-04 Patrick Glauner , Radu State , Petko Valtchev , Diogo Duarte

This paper deals with improvement of linear quantile regression, when there are a few distinct values of the covariates but many replicates. On can improve asymptotic efficiency of the estimated regression coefficients by using suitable…

Applications · Statistics 2020-11-30 Kaushik Jana , Debasis Sengupta

Machine learning algorithms with empirical risk minimization are vulnerable under distributional shifts due to the greedy adoption of all the correlations found in training data. Recently, there are robust learning methods aiming at this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-12 Jiashuo Liu , Zheyan Shen , Peng Cui , Linjun Zhou , Kun Kuang , Bo Li , Yishi Lin

Many important computer vision applications are naturally formulated as regression problems. Within medical imaging, accurate regression models have the potential to automate various tasks, helping to lower costs and improve patient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Fredrik K. Gustafsson , Martin Danelljan , Thomas B. Schön

Designing learning algorithms that are resistant to perturbations of the underlying data distribution is a problem of wide practical and theoretical importance. We present a general approach to this problem focusing on unsupervised…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-22 Andreas Maurer , Daniela A. Parletta , Andrea Paudice , Massimiliano Pontil

In real word applications, data generating process for training a machine learning model often differs from what the model encounters in the test stage. Understanding how and whether machine learning models generalize under such…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-02-08 Abdulkadir Canatar , Blake Bordelon , Cengiz Pehlevan

In statistical inference, it is rarely realistic that the hypothesized statistical model is well-specified, and consequently it is important to understand the effects of misspecification on inferential procedures. When the hypothesized…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-01 Beomjo Park , Sivaraman Balakrishnan , Larry Wasserman

Missing data imputation, where a model is trained on observed data to estimate unobserved values, is a fundamental problem in machine learning. In this paper, we rigorously formulate imputation model learning as a mean-squared error risk…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-14 Luke Shannon , Song Liu , Katarzyna Reluga

This work presents a new approach, called MISFIT, for fitting generalized functional linear regression models with sparsely and irregularly sampled data. Current methods do not allow for consistent estimation unless one assumes that the…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-05-10 Justin Petrovich , Matthew Reimherr , Carrie Daymont

Both classification and regression tasks are susceptible to the biased distribution of training data. However, existing approaches are focused on the class-imbalanced learning and cannot be applied to the problems of numerical regression…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-15 Wentai Wu , Ligang He , Weiwei Lin

Most machine learning models operate under the assumption that the training, testing and deployment data is independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.). This assumption doesn't generally hold true in a natural setting. Usually, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Kumud Lakara , Akshat Bhandari , Pratinav Seth , Ujjwal Verma

Managers, employers, policymakers, and others often seek to understand whether decisions are biased against certain groups. One popular analytic strategy is to estimate disparities after adjusting for observed covariates, typically with a…

Applications · Statistics 2024-01-29 Jongbin Jung , Sam Corbett-Davies , Johann D. Gaebler , Ravi Shroff , Sharad Goel

Distributional shift is one of the major obstacles when transferring machine learning prediction systems from the lab to the real world. To tackle this problem, we assume that variation across training domains is representative of the…

Distributional regression aims at estimating the conditional distribution of a targetvariable given explanatory co-variates. It is a crucial tool for forecasting whena precise uncertainty quantification is required. A popular methodology…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-11-22 Clément Dombry , Ahmed Zaoui

In scientific machine learning, models are routinely deployed with parameter values or boundary conditions far from those used in training. This paper studies the learning-where-to-learn problem of designing a training data distribution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Nicolas Guerra , Nicholas H. Nelsen , Yunan Yang