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Efficient exploration of the vast chemical space is a fundamental challenge in materials design and discovery, particularly for designing functional inorganic crystalline materials with targeted properties. Diffusion-based generative models…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-03-20 Sourav Mal , Nehad Ahmed , Junaid Jami , Subhankar Mishra , Prasenjit Sen

The de novo generation of molecules with targeted properties is crucial in biology, chemistry, and drug discovery. Current generative models are limited to using single property values as conditions, struggling with complex customizations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Yanchen Luo , Junfeng Fang , Sihang Li , Zhiyuan Liu , Jiancan Wu , An Zhang , Wenjie Du , Xiang Wang

We address the problem of data augmentation in a rotating turbulence set-up, a paradigmatic challenge in geophysical applications. The goal is to reconstruct information in two-dimensional (2D) cuts of the three-dimensional flow fields,…

When solving inverse problems in geophysical imaging, deep generative models (DGMs) may be used to enforce the solution to display highly structured spatial patterns which are supported by independent information (e.g. the geological…

Geophysics · Physics 2021-04-28 Jorge Lopez-Alvis , Eric Laloy , Frédéric Nguyen , Thomas Hermans

Recent advances in Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have revolutionized graph-structured data modeling, yet traditional GNNs struggle with complex heterogeneous structures prevalent in real-world scenarios. Despite progress in handling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Zongwei Li , Lianghao Xia , Hua Hua , Shijie Zhang , Shuangyang Wang , Chao Huang

Graph generative models have broad applications in biology, chemistry and social science. However, modelling and understanding the generative process of graphs is challenging due to the discrete and high-dimensional nature of graphs, as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Han Huang , Leilei Sun , Bowen Du , Yanjie Fu , Weifeng Lv

Designing de novo 3D molecules with desirable properties remains a fundamental challenge in drug discovery and molecular engineering. While diffusion models have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in generating high-quality 3D molecular…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Lianghong Chen , Dongkyu Eugene Kim , Mike Domaratzki , Pingzhao Hu

Deep generative models such as diffusion and flow matching are powerful machine learning tools capable of learning and sampling from high-dimensional distributions. They are particularly useful when the training data appears to be…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-04-30 Zachary Bogorad , Ibrahim Elsharkawy , Yonatan Kahn , Andrew J. Larkoski , Noam Levi

Most earlier 3D structure-based molecular generation approaches follow an atom-wise paradigm, incrementally adding atoms to a partially built molecular fragment within protein pockets. These methods, while effective in designing tightly…

Denoising diffusion probabilistic models (DDPMs) are a recent family of generative models that achieve state-of-the-art results. In order to obtain class-conditional generation, it was suggested to guide the diffusion process by gradients…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-17 Bahjat Kawar , Roy Ganz , Michael Elad

Graph structures offer a versatile framework for representing diverse patterns in nature and complex systems, applicable across domains like molecular chemistry, social networks, and transportation systems. While diffusion models have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Adrien Carrel

Taming the generation outcome of state of the art Diffusion and Flow-Matching (FM) models without having to re-train a task-specific model unlocks a powerful tool for solving inverse problems, conditional generation, and controlled…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Heli Ben-Hamu , Omri Puny , Itai Gat , Brian Karrer , Uriel Singer , Yaron Lipman

Diffusion models achieve state-of-the-art performance in generating realistic objects and have been successfully applied to images, text, and videos. Recent work has shown that diffusion can also be defined on graphs, including graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-09 Alex M. Tseng , Nathaniel Diamant , Tommaso Biancalani , Gabriele Scalia

With the incredible results achieved from generative pre-trained transformers (GPT) and diffusion models, generative AI (GenAI) is envisioned to yield remarkable breakthroughs in various industrial and academic domains. In this paper, we…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Mehdi Letafati , Samad Ali , Matti Latva-aho

Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models (DDPMs) represent a contemporary class of generative models with exceptional qualities in both synthesis and maximizing the data likelihood. These models work by traversing a forward Markov Chain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Hang Li , Wei Jin , Geri Skenderi , Harry Shomer , Wenzhuo Tang , Wenqi Fan , Jiliang Tang

Bayesian models based on Gaussian processes (GPs) offer a flexible framework to predict spatially distributed variables with uncertainty. But the use of nonstationary priors, often necessary for capturing complex spatial patterns, makes…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-02 Gabriel V Cardoso , Mike Pereira

Effectively designing molecular geometries is essential to advancing pharmaceutical innovations, a domain, which has experienced great attention through the success of generative models and, in particular, diffusion models. However, current…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-01-07 Sirine Ayadi , Leon Hetzel , Johanna Sommer , Fabian Theis , Stephan Günnemann

Classical diffusion models have shown superior generative results. Exploring them in the quantum domain can advance the field of quantum generative learning. This work introduces Quantum Generative Diffusion Model (QGDM) as their simple and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-06 Chuangtao Chen , Qinglin Zhao , MengChu Zhou , Zhimin He , Zhili Sun , Haozhen Situ

Remote sensing semantic segmentation must address both what the ground objects are within an image and where they are located. Consequently, segmentation models must ensure not only the semantic correctness of large-scale patches…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Hao Wang , Keyan Hu , Xin Guo , Haifeng Li , Chao Tao

By formulating data samples' formation as a Markov denoising process, diffusion models achieve state-of-the-art performances in a collection of tasks. Recently, many variants of diffusion models have been proposed to enable controlled…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-17 Hengtong Zhang , Tingyang Xu