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We develop an approach to learning visual representations that embraces multimodal data, driven by a combination of intra- and inter-modal similarity preservation objectives. Unlike existing visual pre-training methods, which solve a proxy…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-28 Xin Yuan , Zhe Lin , Jason Kuen , Jianming Zhang , Yilin Wang , Michael Maire , Ajinkya Kale , Baldo Faieta

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) such as CLIP learn a shared embedding space for images and text, yet their representations remain geometrically separated, a phenomenon known as the modality gap. This gap limits tasks requiring cross-modal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Hongyuan Liu , Qinli Yang , Wen Li , Zhong Zhang , Jiaming Liu , Wei Han , Zhili Qin , Jinxia Guo , Junming Shao

Contrastive Language--Image Pre-training (CLIP) has manifested remarkable improvements in zero-shot classification and cross-modal vision-language tasks. Yet, from a geometrical point of view, the CLIP embedding space has been found to have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Sedigheh Eslami , Gerard de Melo

Object detection has advanced significantly in the closed-set setting, but real-world deployment remains limited by two challenges: poor generalization to unseen categories and insufficient robustness under adverse conditions. Prior…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Siheng Wang , Zhengdao Li , Yanshu Li , Canran Xiao , Haibo Zhan , Zhengtao Yao , Xuzhi Zhang , Jiale Kang , Linshan Li , Weiming Liu , Zhikang Dong , Jifeng Shen , Junhao Dong , Qiang Sun , Piotr Koniusz

Modality representation learning is an important problem for multimodal sentiment analysis (MSA), since the highly distinguishable representations can contribute to improving the analysis effect. Previous works of MSA have usually focused…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Peipei Liu , Xin Zheng , Hong Li , Jie Liu , Yimo Ren , Hongsong Zhu , Limin Sun

The growing availability of co-located geospatial data spanning aerial imagery, street-level views, elevation models, text, and geographic coordinates offers a unique opportunity for multimodal representation learning. We introduce…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Guillaume Astruc , Eduard Trulls , Jan Hosang , Loic Landrieu , Paul-Edouard Sarlin

Multi-modal reasoning in visual question answering (VQA) has witnessed rapid progress recently. However, most reasoning models heavily rely on shortcuts learned from training data, which prevents their usage in challenging real-world…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Qi Zheng , Chaoyue Wang , Daqing Liu , Dadong Wang , Dacheng Tao

This paper proposes a method for representation learning of multimodal data using contrastive losses. A traditional approach is to contrast different modalities to learn the information shared between them. However, that approach could fail…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-07 Yunze Liu , Qingnan Fan , Shanghang Zhang , Hao Dong , Thomas Funkhouser , Li Yi

Few-shot image classification remains a critical challenge in the field of computer vision, particularly in data-scarce environments. Existing methods typically rely on pre-trained visual-language models, such as CLIP. However, due to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Xi Yang , Pai Peng , Wulin Xie , Xiaohuan Lu , Jie Wen

Multimodal learning from document data has achieved great success lately as it allows to pre-train semantically meaningful features as a prior into a learnable downstream task. In this paper, we approach the document classification problem…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-12 Souhail Bakkali , Zuheng Ming , Mickael Coustaty , Marçal Rusiñol , Oriol Ramos Terrades

Multimodal contrastive learning is a methodology for linking different data modalities; the canonical example is linking image and text data. The methodology is typically framed as the identification of a set of encoders, one for each…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-02 Ricardo Baptista , Andrew M. Stuart , Son Tran

Cross-modality recognition has many important applications in science, law enforcement and entertainment. Popular methods to bridge the modality gap include reducing the distributional differences of representations of different modalities,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Xin Niu , Enyi Li , Jinchao Liu , Yan Wang , Margarita Osadchy , Yongchun Fang

Contrastive learning is a powerful technique to learn representations that are semantically distinctive and geometrically invariant. While most of the earlier approaches have demonstrated its effectiveness on single-modality learning tasks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Anurag Jain , Yashaswi Verma

This paper proposes a single-stage training approach that semantically aligns three modalities - audio, visual, and text using a contrastive learning framework. Contrastive training has gained prominence for multimodal alignment, utilizing…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Parthasaarathy Sudarsanam , Irene Martín-Morató , Tuomas Virtanen

Multi-modal 3D object understanding has gained significant attention, yet current approaches often assume complete data availability and rigid alignment across all modalities. We present CrossOver, a novel framework for cross-modal 3D scene…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Sayan Deb Sarkar , Ondrej Miksik , Marc Pollefeys , Daniel Barath , Iro Armeni

Many contrastive learning based models have achieved advanced performance in image-text matching tasks. The key of these models lies in analyzing the correlation between image-text pairs, which involves cross-modal interaction of embeddings…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Xiang Ma , Xuemei Li , Lexin Fang , Caiming Zhang

Geometric models like DUSt3R have shown great advances in understanding the geometry of a scene from pairs of photos. However, they fail when the inputs are from vastly different viewpoints (e.g., aerial vs. ground) or modalities (e.g.,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Kuan Wei Huang , Brandon Li , Bharath Hariharan , Noah Snavely

Multimodal contrastive learning (MCL) aims to embed data from different modalities in a shared embedding space. However, empirical evidence shows that representations from different modalities occupy completely separate regions of embedding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Lingjie Yi , Raphael Douady , Chao Chen

Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) has shown impressive performance in aligning visual and textual representations. Recent studies have extended this paradigm to 3D vision to improve scene understanding for autonomous driving. A…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Ximeng Tao , Dimitar Filev , Gaurav Pandey

Multimodal learning for generative models often refers to the learning of abstract concepts from the commonality of information in multiple modalities, such as vision and language. While it has proven effective for learning generalisable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-22 Yuge Shi , Brooks Paige , Philip H. S. Torr , N. Siddharth