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For a simple graph $G$, the energy $\mathcal{E}(G)$ is defined as the sum of the absolute values of all the eigenvalues of its adjacency matrix $A(G)$. Let $n, m$, respectively, be the number of vertices and edges of $G$. One well-known…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-09-23 Xueliang Li , Yiyang Li , Yongtang Shi

The $(k,r)$-fan is the graph consisting of $k$ copies of the complete graph $K_r$ which intersect in a single vertex, and is denoted by $F_{k,r}$. Erd\H{o}s, F\"uredi, Gould and Gunderson [J. Combin. Theory Ser. B 64 (1995) 89--100]…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-09-06 Dheer Noal Desai , Liying Kang , Yongtao Li , Zhenyu Ni , Michael Tait , Jing Wang

Random graph generation is an important tool for studying large complex networks. Despite abundance of random graph models, constructing models with application-driven constraints is poorly understood. In order to advance state-of-the-art…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-01-01 Mohsen Bayati , Andrea Montanari , Amin Saberi

An $(n,s,q)$-graph is an $n$-vertex multigraph where every set of $s$ vertices spans at most $q$ edges. In this paper, we determine the maximum product of the edge multiplicities in $(n,s,q)$-graphs if the congruence class of $q$ modulo…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-09-01 Dhruv Mubayi , Caroline Terry

Bollob\'as proved that for every $k$ and $\ell$ such that $k\mathbb{Z}+\ell$ contains an even number, an $n$-vertex graph containing no cycle of length $\ell \bmod k$ can contain at most a linear number of edges. The precise (or asymptotic)…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-12-18 Ervin Győri , Binlong Li , Nika Salia , Casey Tompkins , Kitti Varga , Manran Zhu

We present an interactive framework that, given a membership test for a graph class $\mathcal{G}$ and a number $k$, finds and tests unavoidable sets for the class of graphs in $\mathcal{G}$ of path-width at most $k$. We put special emphasis…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-10-19 Oliver Bachtler , Irene Heinrich

Bondy and Vince showed that every graph with minimum degree at least three contains two cycles of lengths differing by one or two.We prove the following average degree counterpart that every $n$-vertex graph $G$ with at least $\frac52(n-1)$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-10-11 Jun Gao , Binlong Li , Jie Ma , Tianying Xie

Let $G$ be an undirected graph. An edge of $G$ dominates itself and all edges adjacent to it. A subset $E'$ of edges of $G$ is an edge dominating set of $G$, if every edge of the graph is dominated by some edge of $E'$. We say that $E'$ is…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2017-05-24 Min Chih Lin , Vadim Lozin , Veronica A. Moyano , Jayme L. Szwarcfiter

In the fully dynamic edge connectivity problem, the input is a simple graph $G$ undergoing edge insertions and deletions, and the goal is to maintain its edge connectivity, denoted $\lambda_G$. We present two simple randomized algorithms…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Yotam Kenneth-Mordoch , Robert Krauthgamer

We exhibit a new construction of edge-regular graphs with regular cliques that are not strongly regular. The infinite family of graphs resulting from this construction includes an edge-regular graph with parameters $(24,8,2)$. We also show…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-10-18 Gary R. W. Greaves , J. H. Koolen

A classic result of Erd\H{o}s and, independently, of Bondy and Simonovits says that the maximum number of edges in an $n$-vertex graph not containing $C_{2k}$, the cycle of length $2k$, is $O( n^{1+1/k})$. Simonovits established a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-09-16 Tao Jiang , Liana Yepremyan

We study two extremal problems about subgraphs excluding a family $\F$ of graphs. i) Among all graphs with $m$ edges, what is the smallest size $f(m,\F)$ of a largest $\F$--free subgraph? ii) Among all graphs with minimum degree $\delta$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-04-13 Florent Foucaud , Michael Krivelevich , Guillem Perarnau

Let $ex_r(N,g)$ be the maximum number of edges in an $r$-uni\-form hypergraph on $N$ vertices with girth at least $g$. We are interested in the asymptotic behavior of this value when $N$ is increasing but parameters $g\in\{6,8\}$ and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-13 Nikolai Parvatov

The Erd\H{o}s-Gallai Theorem states that for $k \geq 2$, every graph of average degree more than $k - 2$ contains a $k$-vertex path. This result is a consequence of a stronger result of Kopylov: if $k$ is odd, $k=2t+1\geq 5$, $n \geq…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-05-13 Zoltán Füredi , Alexandr Kostochka , Jacques Verstraëte

For fixed integers $r\ge 3,e\ge 3,v\ge r+1$, an $r$-uniform hypergraph is called $\mathscr{G}_r(v,e)$-free if the union of any $e$ distinct edges contains at least $v+1$ vertices. Brown, Erd\H{o}s and S\'{o}s showed that the maximum number…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-04-08 Chong Shangguan , Itzhak Tamo

The girth of a graph is defined as the length of a shortest cycle in the graph. A $(k; g)$-cage is a graph of minimum order among all $k$-regular graphs with girth $g$. A cycle $C$ in a graph $G$ is termed nonseparating if the graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-10-10 Xiang-Feng Pan , Jing-Zhong Mao , Hui-Qing Liu

We consider the problem of sampling an edge almost uniformly from an unknown graph, $G = (V, E)$. Access to the graph is provided via queries of the following types: (1) uniform vertex queries, (2) degree queries, and (3) neighbor queries.…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2017-06-30 Talya Eden , Will Rosenbaum

We present a simple nonadaptive randomized algorithm that estimates the number of edges in a simple, unweighted, undirected graph, possibly containing isolated vertices, using only degree and random edge queries. For an $n$-vertex graph,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Arijit Bishnu , Debarshi Chanda , Buddha Dev Das , Arijit Ghosh , Gopinath Mishra

A graph $G$ is $[a,b]$-covered if for each edge $e$ of $G$ there is an $[a,b]$-factor containing it. For $a=b=1$, an $[a,b]$-covered graph is a matching covered graph. The structural theory of matching covered graphs constitutes a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-07 Qixuan Yuan , Ruifang Liu , Jinjiang Yuan

We study a new algorithmic process of graph growth which starts from a single initial vertex and operates in discrete time-steps, called \emph{slots}. In every slot, the graph grows via two operations (i) vertex generation and (ii) edge…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-12-20 George B. Mertzios , Othon Michail , George Skretas , Paul G. Spirakis , Michail Theofilatos