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The exact complexity of solving parity games is a major open problem. Several authors have searched for efficient algorithms over specific classes of graphs. In particular, Obdr\v{z}\'{a}lek showed that for graphs of bounded tree-width or…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Konrad Staniszewski

We analyze the general version of the classic guessing game Mastermind with $n$ positions and $k$ colors. Since the case $k \le n^{1-\varepsilon}$, $\varepsilon>0$ a constant, is well understood, we concentrate on larger numbers of colors.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2013-01-18 Benjamin Doerr , Carola Doerr , Reto Spöhel , Henning Thomas

The complexity of parity games is a long standing open problem that saw a major breakthrough in 2017 when two quasi-polynomial algorithms were published. This article presents a third, independent approach to solving parity games in…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Karoliina Lehtinen , Udi Boker

Since the 1960s Mastermind has been studied for the combinatorial and information theoretical interest the game has to offer. Many results have been discovered starting with Erd\H{o}s and R\'enyi determining the optimal number of queries…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-09-20 Anders Martinsson , Pascal Su

We study policy optimization algorithms for computing correlated equilibria in multi-player general-sum Markov Games. Previous results achieve $O(T^{-1/2})$ convergence rate to a correlated equilibrium and an accelerated $O(T^{-3/4})$…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Yang Cai , Haipeng Luo , Chen-Yu Wei , Weiqiang Zheng

Gimbert and Horn gave an algorithm for solving simple stochastic games with running time O(r! n) where n is the number of positions of the simple stochastic game and r is the number of its coin toss positions. Chatterjee et al. pointed out…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2012-03-21 Rasmus Ibsen-Jensen , Peter Bro Miltersen

We present two recursive strategy improvement algorithms for solving simple stochastic games. First we present an algorithm for solving SSGs of degree $d$ that uses at most $O\left(\left\lfloor(d+1)^2/2\right\rfloor^{n/2}\right)$…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-10-05 Xavier Badin de Montjoye

We consider online algorithms for the $k$-server problem on trees. There is a $k$-competitive algorithm for this problem, and it is the best competitive ratio. M. Chrobak and L. Larmore provided it. At the same time, the existing…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-05-02 Kamil Khadiev , Maxim Yagafarov

We show that quantum graph parameters for finite, simple, undirected graphs encode winning strategies for all possible synchronous non-local games. Given a synchronous game $\mathcal{G}=(I,O,\lambda)$ with $|I|=n$ and $|O|=k$, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-12 Samuel J. Harris

We consider the well-studied partial sums problem in succint space where one is to maintain an array of n k-bit integers subject to updates such that partial sums queries can be efficiently answered. We present two succint versions of the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-06-01 Philip Bille , Anders Roy Christiansen , Nicola Prezza , Frederik Rye Skjoldjensen

We study the algorithm of Gurvich, Khachyian and Karzanov (GKK algorithm) when it is ran over mean-payoff games with no simple cycle of weight zero. We propose a new symmetric analysis, lowering the $O(n^2 N)$ upper-bound of Pisaruk on the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-10-12 Pierre Ohlmann

Solving parity games is a major building block for numerous applications in reactive program verification and synthesis. While they can be solved efficiently in practice, no known approach has a polynomial worst-case runtime complexity. We…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-07-28 Tobias Hecking , Swathy Muthukrishnan , Alexander Weinert

We study the problem of sampling almost uniform proper $q$-colourings in $k$-uniform simple hypergraphs with maximum degree $\Delta$. For any $\delta > 0$, if $k \geq\frac{20(1+\delta)}{\delta}$ and $q \geq…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-02-14 Weiming Feng , Heng Guo , Jiaheng Wang

In [1], a new construction called red-black hierarchy characterizing Laman graphs and an algorithm for computing it were presented. For a Laman graph G=(V,E) with n vertices it runs in O(n^2) time assuming that a partition of (V,E+e) into…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2008-02-29 Sergey Bereg

Permutation Mastermind is a version of the classical mastermind game in which the number of positions $n$ is equal to the number of colors $k$, and repetition of colors is not allowed, neither in the codeword nor in the queries. In this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-01-12 Maxime Larcher , Anders Martinsson , Angelika Steger

We introduce a new technique for designing fixed-parameter algorithms for cut problems, namely randomized contractions. We apply our framework to obtain the first FPT algorithm for the Unique Label Cover problem and new FPT algorithms with…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-07-20 Rajesh Chitnis , Marek Cygan , MohammadTaghi Hajiaghayi , Marcin Pilipczuk , Michał Pilipczuk

We consider metrical task systems on tree metrics, and present an $O(\mathrm{depth} \times \log n)$-competitive randomized algorithm based on the mirror descent framework introduced in our prior work on the $k$-server problem. For the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-11-30 Sébastien Bubeck , Michael B. Cohen , James R. Lee , Yin Tat Lee

We give an algorithm for solving unique games (UG) instances whenever low-degree sum-of-squares proofs certify good bounds on the small-set-expansion of the underlying constraint graph via a hypercontractive inequality. Our algorithm is in…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Mitali Bafna , Boaz Barak , Pravesh Kothari , Tselil Schramm , David Steurer

Given a set of $k$-colored points in the plane, we consider the problem of finding $k$ trees such that each tree connects all points of one color class, no two trees cross, and the total edge length of the trees is minimized. For $k=1$,…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2016-11-07 Sergey Bereg , Krzysztof Fleszar , Philipp Kindermann , Sergey Pupyrev , Joachim Spoerhase , Alexander Wolff

A linearly ordered (LO) $k$-colouring of a hypergraph assigns to each vertex a colour from the set $\{0,1,\ldots,k-1\}$ in such a way that each hyperedge has a unique maximum element. Barto, Batistelli, and Berg conjectured that it is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-06-03 Johan Håstad , Björn Martinsson , Tamio-Vesa Nakajima , Stanislav Živný