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This study unveils localised changes in Austria's precipitation patterns, often missed by broader assessments, by comparing the 1961-1990 and 1991-2020 climate normal periods on a high resolution 2x2 km grid. Our extended model explicitly…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-20 Corinna Perchtold

The recent addition of orbit-spin coupling torques to atmospheric global circulation models has enabled successful years-in-advance forecasts of global and regional-scale dust storms on Mars. Here we explore the applicability of the…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2021-12-07 James H Shirley

This work aims at making a comprehensive contribution in the general area of parametric inference for discretely observed diffusion processes. Established approaches for likelihood-based estimation invoke a time-discretisation scheme for…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-01-30 Yuga Iguchi , Alexandros Beskos , Matthew M. Graham

Deep Learning (DL) has shown promise for downscaling global climate change projections under different approaches, including Perfect Prognosis (PP) and Regional Climate Model (RCM) emulation. Unlike emulators, PP downscaling models are…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-09-23 Jose González-Abad , José Manuel Gutiérrez

Drought is a frequent and costly natural disaster in California, with major negative impacts on agricultural production and water resource availability, particularly groundwater. This study investigated the performance of applying different…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Nan K. Li , Angela Chang , David Sherman

To study trends in extreme precipitation across US over the years 1951-2017, we consider 10 climate indexes that represent extreme precipitation, such as annual maximum of daily precipitation, annual maximum of consecutive 5-day average…

Applications · Statistics 2019-01-01 Arnab Hazra , Brian J. Reich , Ana-Maria Staicu

Extreme precipitation is projected to become more frequent and more intense due to climate change and associated thermodynamical effects, but the local response of atmospheric circulation under future climate scenarios remains uncertain due…

Drought is a serious natural disaster that has a long duration and a wide range of influence. To decrease the drought-caused losses, drought prediction is the basis of making the corresponding drought prevention and disaster reduction…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-08 Weiwei Jiang , Jiayun Luo

The United States has witnessed a growing prevalence of droughts in recent years, posing significant challenges to water supplies and power generation. The resulting impacts on power systems, including reduced capacity and the potential for…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-14 Hang Shuai , Fangxing Li , Jinxiang Zhu , William Jerome Tingen , Srijib Mukherjee

Concurrent floods and concurrent droughts in nearby catchments pose challenges to risk assessment and water management. Climate change is affecting extremely high and low discharge, but the complex interplay between changes in individual…

Applications · Statistics 2026-04-24 C. J. R. Murphy-Barltrop , J. Richards , B. Poschlod , A. Sasse , J. Zscheischler

Drought is one of the most destructive and expensive natural disasters, severely impacting natural resources and risks by depleting water resources and diminishing agricultural yields. Under climate change, accurately predicting drought is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Xuwei Tan , Qian Zhao , Yanlan Liu , Xueru Zhang

Drought is a complex stochastic natural hazard caused by prolonged shortage of rainfall. Several environmental factors are involved in determining drought classes at the specific monitoring station. Therefore, efficient sequence processing…

In this article, we review the interdisciplinary techniques (borrowed from physics, mathematics, statistics, machine-learning, etc.) and methodological framework that we have used to understand climate systems, which serve as examples of…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2024-05-29 Alka Yadav , Sourish Das , Anirban Chakraborti

Extreme Precipitation Events (EPEs) can have devastating consequences such as floods and landslides, posing a great threat to society and the economy. Predicting such events long in advance can support the mitigation of negative impacts.…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2022-03-14 Nikolaos Mastrantonas , Linus Magnusson , Florian Pappenberger , Jörg Matschullat

Extreme weather events have significant consequences, dominating the impact of climate on society. While high-resolution weather models can forecast many types of extreme events on synoptic timescales, long-term climatological risk…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2023-01-25 Justin Finkel , Edwin P. Gerber , Dorian S. Abbot , Jonathan Weare

Precipitation is one of the most important meteorological variables for defining the climate dynamics, but the spatial patterns of precipitation have not been fully investigated yet. The complex network theory, which provides a robust tool…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2013-08-22 Stefania Scarsoglio , Francesco Laio , Luca Ridolfi

Stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI), a possible climate engineering strategy where reflective particles are injected into the stratosphere, has been explored to mitigate global warming and its associated risks, such as the intensification…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2026-05-25 Cameron Dong , James W. Hurrell , Elizabeth A. Barnes

Extreme precipitation shows non-stationary behavior over time, but also with respect to other large-scale variables. While this effect is often neglected, we propose a model including the influence of North Atlantic Oscillation, time,…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2022-11-09 Felix S. Fauer , Henning W. Rust

Weather extremes produce major impacts on society and ecosystems and are likely to change in likelihood and magnitude with climate change. However, very low probability events are hard to characterize statistically using observations or…

Applications · Statistics 2026-04-28 Christopher J. Paciorek , Daniel Cooley

Assessments of impacts of climate change and future projections over the Indian region, have so far relied on a single regional climate model (RCM) - eg., the PRECIS RCM of the Hadley Centre, UK. While these assessments have provided inputs…