English
Related papers

Related papers: Characterizing Physical Memory Fragmentation

200 papers

Large language model (LLM) agents increasingly rely on external memory systems to remain consistent across long-horizon interactions, but little empirical work has been done to understand the specific failure modes and design choices that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Ishir Garg , Neel Kolhe , Dawn Song , Xuandong Zhao

Compute and memory are tightly coupled within each server in traditional datacenters. Large-scale datacenter operators have identified this coupling as a root cause behind fleet-wide resource underutilization and increasing Total Cost of…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Hasan Al Maruf , Mosharaf Chowdhury

Memory formation in matter is a theme of broad intellectual relevance; it sits at the interdisciplinary crossroads of physics, biology, chemistry, and computer science. Memory connotes the ability to encode, access, and erase signatures of…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2019-08-27 Nathan C. Keim , Joseph D. Paulsen , Zorana Zeravcic , Srikanth Sastry , Sidney R. Nagel

The rise of Artificial Intelligence and Large Language Models is driving increased GPU usage in data centers for complex training and inference tasks, impacting operational costs, energy demands, and the environmental footprint of…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Francesco Lettich , Emanuele Carlini , Franco Maria Nardini , Raffaele Perego , Salvatore Trani

Deep reinforcement learning methods exhibit impressive performance on a range of tasks but still struggle on hard exploration tasks in large environments with sparse rewards. To address this, intrinsic rewards can be generated using forward…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Jaedong Hwang , Zhang-Wei Hong , Eric Chen , Akhilan Boopathy , Pulkit Agrawal , Ila Fiete

Safe memory reclamation is crucial to memory safety for optimistic and lock-free concurrent data structures in non garbage collected programming languages. However, several challenges arise in designing an ideal safe memory reclamation…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Ajay Singh

Memory plays a pivotal role in enabling large language model~(LLM)-based agents to engage in complex and long-term interactions, such as question answering (QA) and dialogue systems. While various memory modules have been proposed for these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Ruihong Zeng , Jinyuan Fang , Siwei Liu , Zaiqiao Meng

We investigate the fragmentation process of solid materials with crystalline and amorphous phases using the discrete element method. Damage initiates inside spherical samples above the contact zone in a region where the circumferential…

Physical reservoir computing is a computational framework that implements spatiotemporal information processing directly within physical systems. By exciting nonlinear dynamical systems and creating linear models from their state, we can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Jake Love , Jeroen Mulkers , Robin Msiska , George Bourianoff , Jonathan Leliaert , Karin Everschor-Sitte

Poor time predictability of multicore processors has been a long-standing challenge in the real-time systems community. In this paper, we make a case that a fundamental problem that prevents efficient and predictable real-time computing on…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2018-04-20 Farzad Farshchi , Prathap Kumar Valsan , Renato Mancuso , Heechul Yun

Many high end and next generation computing systems to incorporated alternative memory technologies to meet performance goals. Since these technologies present distinct advantages and tradeoffs compared to conventional DDR* SDRAM, such as…

Performance · Computer Science 2021-10-06 M. Ben Olson , Brandon Kammerdiener , Kshitij A. Doshi , Terry Jones , Michael R. Jantz

Quantum memory is a central component for quantum information processing devices, and will be required to provide high-fidelity storage of arbitrary states, long storage times and small access latencies. Despite growing interest in applying…

Adjoint algorithmic differentiation by operator and function overloading is based on the interpretation of directed acyclic graphs resulting from evaluations of numerical simulation programs. The size of the computer system memory required…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2022-07-15 Uwe Naumann

(Abridged) Most massive stars are located in multiple systems. The modeling of disk fragmentation, a possible mechanism leading to stellar multiplicity, relies on parallel 3D simulation codes whose agreement remains to be evaluated. Using…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-04-05 Raphaël Mignon-Risse , André Oliva , Matthias González , Rolf Kuiper , Benoît Commerçon

The main memory access latency has not much improved for more than two decades while the CPU performance had been exponentially increasing until recently. Approximate memory is a technique to reduce the DRAM access latency in return of…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2021-01-27 Soramichi Akiyama , Ryota Shioya

Persistent memory (PM) technologies have inspired a wide range of PM-based system optimizations. However, building correct PM-based systems is difficult due to the unique characteristics of PM hardware. To better understand the challenges…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Om Rameshwar Gatla , Duo Zhang , Wei Xu , Mai Zheng

The fragmentation equation is commonly expressed in terms of two functions, the rate of fragmentation and the mean number of fragments. In the case of binary fragmentation an alternative description is possible based on the fragmentation…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2022-03-08 Themis Matsoukas

Identifying and quantifying memory are often critical steps in developing a mechanistic understanding of stochastic processes. These are particularly challenging and necessary when exploring processes that exhibit long-range correlations.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-04-20 Sarah E. Marzen , James P. Crutchfield

A file system optimization is the most common task in the file system field. Usually, it is seen as the key file system problem. Moreover, it is possible to state that optimization is dominant in commercial development. A problem of a new…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-04-09 Viacheslav Dubeyko

Memory is often defined as the mental capacity of retaining information about facts, events, procedures and more generally about any type of previous experience. Memories are remembered as long as they influence our thoughts, feelings, and…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2017-06-16 Stefano Fusi