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The successes of foundation models such as ChatGPT and AlphaFold have spurred significant interest in building similar models for electronic medical records (EMRs) to improve patient care and hospital operations. However, recent hype has…

Foundation models can be disruptive for future AI development by scaling up deep learning in terms of model size and training data's breadth and size. These models achieve state-of-the-art performance (often through further adaptation) on a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Johannes Schneider

With the urgent demand for generalized deep models, many pre-trained big models are proposed, such as BERT, ViT, GPT, etc. Inspired by the success of these models in single domains (like computer vision and natural language processing), the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Xiao Wang , Guangyao Chen , Guangwu Qian , Pengcheng Gao , Xiao-Yong Wei , Yaowei Wang , Yonghong Tian , Wen Gao

Foundation Models (FMs) are models trained on large corpora of data that, at very large scale, can generalize to new tasks without any task-specific finetuning. As these models continue to grow in size, innovations continue to push the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-27 Avanika Narayan , Ines Chami , Laurel Orr , Simran Arora , Christopher Ré

Foundation models are at the forefront of AI research, appealing for their ability to learn from vast datasets and cater to diverse tasks. Yet, their significant computational demands raise issues of environmental impact and the risk of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Leyang Xue , Meghana Madhyastha , Randal Burns , Myungjin Lee , Mahesh K. Marina

With the advent of foundation models like ChatGPT, educators are excited about the transformative role that AI might play in propelling the next education revolution. The developing speed and the profound impact of foundation models in…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Tianlong Xu , Richard Tong , Jing Liang , Xing Fan , Haoyang Li , Qingsong Wen

Recently, foundation language models (LMs) have marked significant achievements in the domains of natural language processing (NLP) and computer vision (CV). Unlike traditional neural network models, foundation LMs obtain a great ability…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Yutao Yang , Jie Zhou , Xuanwen Ding , Tianyu Huai , Shunyu Liu , Qin Chen , Yuan Xie , Liang He

Foundation models and self-supervised learning (SSL) have become central to modern AI, yet research in this area remains hindered by complex codebases, redundant re-implementations, and the heavy engineering burden of scaling experiments.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Randall Balestriero , Hugues Van Assel , Sami BuGhanem , Lucas Maes

Continual learning--the ability to acquire, retain, and refine knowledge over time--has always been fundamental to intelligence, both human and artificial. Historically, different AI paradigms have acknowledged this need, albeit with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Jack Bell , Luigi Quarantiello , Eric Nuertey Coleman , Lanpei Li , Malio Li , Mauro Madeddu , Elia Piccoli , Vincenzo Lomonaco

The release of ChatGPT, Gemini, and other large language model has drawn huge interests on foundations models. There is a broad consensus that foundations models will be the fundamental building blocks for future AI systems. However, there…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Qinghua Lu , Liming Zhu , Xiwei Xu , Zhenchang Xing , Jon Whittle

In recent years, foundational models have revolutionized the fields of language and vision, demonstrating remarkable abilities in understanding and generating complex data; however, similar advances in user behavior modeling have been…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Jiahui Gong , Jingtao Ding , Fanjin Meng , Chen Yang , Hong Chen , Zuojian Wang , Haisheng Lu , Yong Li

Spatio-temporal deep learning models aims to utilize useful patterns in such data to support tasks like prediction. However, previous deep learning models designed for specific tasks typically require separate training for each use case,…

Since DARPA Grand Challenges (rural) in 2004/05 and Urban Challenges in 2007, autonomous driving has been the most active field of AI applications. Recently powered by large language models (LLMs), chat systems, such as chatGPT and PaLM,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-08 Yu Huang , Yue Chen , Zhu Li

This paper embarks on an exploration into the Large Language Model (LLM) datasets, which play a crucial role in the remarkable advancements of LLMs. The datasets serve as the foundational infrastructure analogous to a root system that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Yang Liu , Jiahuan Cao , Chongyu Liu , Kai Ding , Lianwen Jin

Foundation models--such as GPT, CLIP, and DINO--have achieved revolutionary progress in the past several years and are commonly believed to be a promising approach for general-purpose AI. In particular, self-supervised learning is adopted…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-12 Jinyuan Jia , Hongbin Liu , Neil Zhenqiang Gong

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has made incredible progress recently. On the one hand, advanced foundation models like ChatGPT can offer powerful conversation, in-context learning and code generation abilities on a broad range of open-domain…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-03-30 Yaobo Liang , Chenfei Wu , Ting Song , Wenshan Wu , Yan Xia , Yu Liu , Yang Ou , Shuai Lu , Lei Ji , Shaoguang Mao , Yun Wang , Linjun Shou , Ming Gong , Nan Duan

Advances in machine learning over the past decade have resulted in a proliferation of algorithmic applications for encoding, characterizing, and acting on complex data that may contain many high dimensional features. Recently, the emergence…

Deep Learning (DL) models have achieved superior performance in many application domains, including vision, language, medical, commercial ads, entertainment, etc. With the fast development, both DL applications and the underlying serving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Fuxun Yu , Di Wang , Longfei Shangguan , Minjia Zhang , Xulong Tang , Chenchen Liu , Xiang Chen

The impressive performance of ChatGPT and other foundation-model-based products in human language understanding has prompted both academia and industry to explore how these models can be tailored for specific industries and application…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Haolong Chen , Hanzhi Chen , Zijian Zhao , Kaifeng Han , Guangxu Zhu , Yichen Zhao , Ying Du , Wei Xu , Qingjiang Shi

Recently, there has been significant progress in the development of large models. Following the success of ChatGPT, numerous language models have been introduced, demonstrating remarkable performance. Similar advancements have also been…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-28 Tianyi Zhang , Zheng Wang , Jing Huang , Mohiuddin Muhammad Tasnim , Wei Shi