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Recent advances in big/foundation models reveal a promising path for deep learning, where the roadmap steadily moves from big data to big models to (the newly-introduced) big learning. Specifically, the big learning exhaustively exploits…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Yulai Cong , Miaoyun Zhao

Time series data are ubiquitous across diverse real-world applications, making time series analysis critically important. Traditional approaches are largely task-specific, offering limited functionality and poor transferability. In recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Jiexia Ye , Yongzi Yu , Weiqi Zhang , Le Wang , Jia Li , Fugee Tsung

Graph-structured data pervades domains such as social networks, biological systems, knowledge graphs, and recommender systems. While foundation models have transformed natural language processing, vision, and multimodal learning through…

The realization of universal robots is an ultimate goal of researchers. However, a key hurdle in achieving this goal lies in the robots' ability to manipulate objects in their unstructured surrounding environments according to different…

Large Language Models (LLMs) like GPT and LLaMA are revolutionizing the AI industry with their sophisticated capabilities. Training these models requires vast GPU clusters and significant computing time, posing major challenges in terms of…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Jiangfei Duan , Shuo Zhang , Zerui Wang , Lijuan Jiang , Wenwen Qu , Qinghao Hu , Guoteng Wang , Qizhen Weng , Hang Yan , Xingcheng Zhang , Xipeng Qiu , Dahua Lin , Yonggang Wen , Xin Jin , Tianwei Zhang , Peng Sun

Artificial intelligence (AI) is evolving towards artificial general intelligence, which refers to the ability of an AI system to perform a wide range of tasks and exhibit a level of intelligence similar to that of a human being. This is in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-22 Chunhui Zhang , Li Liu , Yawen Cui , Guanjie Huang , Weilin Lin , Yiqian Yang , Yuehong Hu

As a current trend in Artificial Intelligence (AI), large foundation models are increasingly employed as the core of AI services. However, even after training, serving such models at scale remains a challenging task due to their heavy…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Tingyang Sun , Ting He , I-Hong Hou

The rapid emergence of foundation models, particularly Large Language Models (LLMs) and Vision-Language Models (VLMs), has introduced a transformative paradigm in robotics. These models offer powerful capabilities in semantic understanding,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Muhammad Tayyab Khan , Ammar Waheed

Brain foundation models bring the foundation model paradigm to the field of neuroscience. Like language and image foundation models, they are general-purpose AI systems pretrained on large-scale datasets that adapt readily to downstream…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Margot Hanley , Jiunn-Tyng Yeh , Ryan Rodriguez , Jack Pilkington , Nita Farahany

Foundation models have revolutionized artificial intelligence, setting new benchmarks in performance and enabling transformative capabilities across a wide range of vision and language tasks. However, despite the prevalence of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Adam Goodge , Wee Siong Ng , Bryan Hooi , See Kiong Ng

The introduction of ChatGPT has led to a significant increase in the utilization of Large Language Models (LLMs) for addressing downstream tasks. There's an increasing focus on cost-efficient training and deployment within this context.…

Foundation models have had a big impact in recent years and billions of dollars are being invested in them in the current AI boom. The more popular ones, such as Chat-GPT, are trained on large amounts of Internet data. However, it is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Dionis Barcari , David Gamez , Aliya Grig

With the surge of ChatGPT,the use of large models has significantly increased,rapidly rising to prominence across the industry and sweeping across the internet. This article is a comprehensive review of fine-tuning methods for large models.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Benjue Weng

The rapid advancement of autonomous systems, including self-driving vehicles and drones, has intensified the need to forge true Spatial Intelligence from multi-modal onboard sensor data. While foundation models excel in single-modal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Song Wang , Lingdong Kong , Xiaolu Liu , Hao Shi , Wentong Li , Jianke Zhu , Steven C. H. Hoi

Modeling environmental ecosystems is essential for effective resource management, sustainable development, and understanding complex ecological processes. However, traditional methods frequently struggle with the inherent complexity,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Runlong Yu , Shengyu Chen , Yiqun Xie , Xiaowei Jia

In 2022, with the release of ChatGPT, large-scale language models gained widespread attention. ChatGPT not only surpassed previous models in terms of parameters and the scale of its pretraining corpus but also achieved revolutionary…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Yiming Ju , Huanhuan Ma

The advent of foundation models has revolutionized the fields of natural language processing and computer vision, paving the way for their application in autonomous driving (AD). This survey presents a comprehensive review of more than 40…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-06 Haoxiang Gao , Zhongruo Wang , Yaqian Li , Kaiwen Long , Ming Yang , Yiqing Shen

Foundation models have emerged as critical components in a variety of artificial intelligence applications, and showcase significant success in natural language processing and several other domains. Meanwhile, the field of graph machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Jiawei Liu , Cheng Yang , Zhiyuan Lu , Junze Chen , Yibo Li , Mengmei Zhang , Ting Bai , Yuan Fang , Lichao Sun , Philip S. Yu , Chuan Shi

World models, which are predictive representations of how environments evolve under actions, have become a central component of robot learning. They support policy learning, planning, simulation, evaluation, data generation, and have…