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We propose a hybrid quantum-classical algorithm to compute approximate solutions of binary combinatorial problems. We employ a shallow-depth quantum circuit to implement a unitary and Hermitian operator that block-encodes the weighted…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-16 Natacha Kuete Meli , Florian Mannel , Jan Lellmann

Quantum imaginary time evolution (QITE) is a powerful method to derive the ground states of the systems. Only the damping of quantum states leads it; hence, reaching the ground state is guaranteed by nature without any external…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-01 Hikaru Wakaura , Rahmat Mulyawan , Andriyan B. Suksmono

In this paper, we present several new linearizations of a quadratic binary optimization problem (QBOP), primarily using the method of aggregations. Although aggregations were studied in the past in the context of solving system of…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Abraham P. Punnen , Navpreet Kaur

The advent of quantum computing processors with possibility to scale beyond experimental capacities magnifies the importance of studying their applications. Combinatorial optimization problems can be one of the promising applications of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-08-18 Ehsan Zahedinejad , Arman Zaribafiyan

Quantum computing provides powerful algorithmic tools that have been shown to outperform established classical solvers in specific optimization tasks. A core step in solving optimization problems with known quantum algorithms such as the…

Neutral atom arrays provide a versatile platform to implement coherent quantum annealing as an approach to solving hard combinatorial optimization problems. Here we present and experimentally demonstrate an efficient encoding scheme based…

To date, research in quantum computation promises potential for outperforming classical heuristics in combinatorial optimization. However, when aiming at provable optimality, one has to rely on classical exact methods like integer…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-13 Friedrich Wagner , Jonas Nüßlein , Frauke Liers

The maximum-cut problem is one of the fundamental problems in combinatorial optimization. With the advent of quantum computers, both the maximum-cut and the equivalent quadratic unconstrained binary optimization problem have experienced…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-02-07 Daniel Rehfeldt , Thorsten Koch , Yuji Shinano

We present PyQUBO, an open-source, Python library for constructing quadratic unconstrained binary optimizations (QUBOs) from the objective functions and the constraints of optimization problems. PyQUBO enables users to prepare QUBOs or…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-04 Mashiyat Zaman , Kotaro Tanahashi , Shu Tanaka

In this work we apply a procedure based on the quantum imaginary time evolution method to solve the unit-disk maximum independent set problem. Numerical simulations were performed for instances of 6, 8 and 10-qubits graphs. We have found…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-04 Victor A. Penas , Marcelo Losada , Pedro W. Lamberti

Combinatorial optimization problems are ubiquitous in various disciplines and applications. Many heuristic algorithms have been devoted to solve these types of problems. In order to increase the efficiency for finding the optimal solutions,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-10 Yu-Ting Kao , Jia-Le Liao , Hsiu-Chuan Hsu

Variational quantum algorithms have been advocated as promising candidates to solve combinatorial optimization problems on near-term quantum computers. Their methodology involves transforming the optimization problem into a quadratic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-01 Zoé Verchère , Sourour Elloumi , Andrea Simonetto

We propose a quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) formulation of rectified linear unit (ReLU) type functions. Different from the q-loss function proposed by Denchev et al. (2012), a simple discussion based on the Legendre…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-08 Go Sato , Makiko Konoshima , Takuya Ohwa , Hirotaka Tamura , Jun Ohkubo

A range of quantum algorithms, especially those leveraging variational parameterization and circuit-based optimization, are being studied as alternatives for solving classically intractable combinatorial optimization problems (COPs).…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-18 Monit Sharma , Hoong Chuin Lau

Several combinatorial optimization problems can be solved with NISQ devices once that a corresponding quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) form is derived. The aim of this work is to drastically reduce the variables needed for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-25 Dario De Santis , Salvatore Tirone , Stefano Marmi , Vittorio Giovannetti

Quantum approximate optimization is one of the promising candidates for useful quantum computation, particularly in the context of finding approximate solutions to Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) problems. However, the…

Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) is a generic technique to model various NP-hard Combinatorial Optimization problems (CO) in the form of binary variables. Ising Hamiltonian is used to model the energy function of a system.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Redwan Ahmed Rizvee , Raheeb Hassan , Md. Mosaddek Khan

A common way of solving satisfiability instances with quantum methods is to transform these instances into instances of QUBO, which in itself is a potentially difficult and expensive task. State-of-the-art transformations from MAX-3SAT to…

Quantum Annealing (QA) can efficiently solve combinatorial optimization problems whose objective functions are represented by Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) formulations. For broader applicability of QA, quadratization…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-29 Hyakka Nakada , Shu Tanaka

Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) is a general-purpose modeling framework for combinatorial optimization problems and is a requirement for quantum annealers. This paper utilizes the eigenvalue decomposition of the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-06-22 Amit Verma , Mark Lewis