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An interval coloring of a graph G is a proper coloring of E(G) by positive integers such that the colors on the edges incident to any vertex are consecutive. A (3,4)-biregular bigraph is a bipartite graph in which each vertex of one part…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Armen S. Asratian , Carl Johan Casselgren , Jennifer Vandenbussche , Douglas B. West

A star edge coloring of a graph $G$ is a proper edge coloring of $G$ such that every path and cycle of length four in $G$ uses at least three different colors. The star chromatic index of a graph $G$, is the smallest integer $k$ for which…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-11-22 Behnaz Omoomi , Marzieh Vahid Dastjerdi

Let $G$ be a graph and c a proper k-coloring of G, i.e. any two adjacent vertices u and v have different colors c(u) and c(v). A proper k-coloring is a b-coloring if there exists a vertex in every color class that contains all the colors in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-11-23 Magda Dettlaff , Hanna Furmańczyk , Iztok Peterin , Riana Roux , Radosław Ziemann

A star edge coloring of a graph is a proper edge coloring with no $2$-colored path or cycle of length four. The star chromatic index $\chi'_{st}(G)$ of $G$ is the minimum number $t$ for which $G$ has a star edge coloring with $t$ colors. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-05-12 Carl Johan Casselgren , Jonas B. Granholm , André Raspaud

Defective coloring is a variant of traditional vertex-coloring, according to which adjacent vertices are allowed to have the same color, as long as the monochromatic components induced by the corresponding edges have a certain structure.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-03-24 Patrizio Angelini , Michael A. Bekos , Michael Kaufmann , Vincenzo Roselli

A vertex coloring of a graph is said to be \textit{conflict-free} with respect to neighborhoods if for every non-isolated vertex there is a color appearing exactly once in its (open) neighborhood. As defined in [Fabrici et al.,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-03-03 Yair Caro , Mirko Petruševski , Riste Škrekovski

We present results on partitioning the vertices of $2$-edge-colored graphs into monochromatic paths and cycles. We prove asymptotically the two-color case of a conjecture of S\'ark\"ozy: the vertex set of every $2$-edge-colored graph can be…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-09-21 Jozsef Balogh , Janos Barat , Daniel Gerbner , Andras Gyarfas , GAbor N. Sarkozy

A path in an edge-colored graph is called a proper path if no two adjacent edges of the path are colored with one same color. An edge-colored graph is called $k$-proper connected if any two vertices of the graph are connected by $k$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-07-13 Fei Huang , Xueliang Li , Shujing Wang

A packing $k$-coloring of a graph $G$ is a partition of $V(G)$ into sets $V_1,\ldots,V_k$ such that for each $1\leq i\leq k$ the distance between any two distinct $x,y\in V_i$ is at least $i+1$. The packing chromatic number, $\chi_p(G)$, of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-03-31 József Balogh , Alexandr Kostochka , Xujun Liu

The acyclic chromatic number of a graph is the least number of colors needed to properly color its vertices so that none of its cycles has only two colors. We show that for all $\alpha>2^{-1/3}$ there exists an integer $\Delta_{\alpha}$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-05-24 Lefteris Kirousis , John Livieratos

We show that anagram-free vertex colouring a $2\times n$ square grid requires a number of colours that increases with $n$. This answers an open question in Wilson's thesis and shows that even graphs of pathwidth $2$ do not have anagram-free…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-05-06 Saman Bazarghani , Paz Carmi , Vida Dujmović , Pat Morin

Coloring is one of the most famous problems in graph theory. The coloring problem on undirected graphs has been well studied, whereas there are very few results for coloring problems on directed graphs. An oriented k-coloring of an oriented…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-06-12 Frank Gurski , Dominique Komander , Carolin Rehs

Let $c$ be a proper $k$-coloring of a connected graph $G$ and $\Pi=(C_1,C_2,...,C_k)$ be an ordered partition of $V(G)$ into the resulting color classes. For a vertex $v$ of $G$, the color code of $v$ with respect to $\Pi$ is defined to be…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-12-11 Ali Behtoei , Behnaz Omoomi

Graph colorings is a fundamental topic in graph theory that require an assignment of labels (or colors) to vertices or edges subject to various constraints. We focus on the harmonious coloring of a graph, which is a proper vertex coloring…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2021-06-02 Ruxandra Marinescu-Ghemeci , Camelia Obreja , Alexandru Popa

Gy\'arf\'as and Lehel and independently Faudree and Schelp proved that in any 2-coloring of the edges of $K_{n,n}$ there exists a monochromatic path on at least $2\lceil n/2\rceil$ vertices, and this is tight. We prove a stability version…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-06-14 Louis DeBiasio , Robert A. Krueger

Recently, Borodin, Kostochka, and Yancey (On $1$-improper $2$-coloring of sparse graphs. Discrete Mathematics, 313(22), 2013) showed that the vertices of each planar graph of girth at least $7$ can be $2$-colored so that each color class…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-07-13 Maria Axenovich , Torsten Ueckerdt , Pascal Weiner

\textit{A star edge coloring} of a graph is a proper edge coloring without bichromatic paths and cycles of length four. In this paper we establish tight upper bounds for trees and subcubic outerplanar graphs, and derive an upper bound for…

An \textit{$r$-dynamic $k$-coloring} of a graph $G$ is a proper $k$-coloring of $G$ such that every vertex in $V(G)$ has neighbors in at least $\min\{d(v),r\}$ different color classes. The \textit{$r$-dynamic chromatic number} of a graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-07-19 Ross Kang , Tobias Muller , Douglas B. West

By a $z$-coloring of a graph $G$ we mean any proper vertex coloring consisting of the color classes $C_1, \ldots, C_k$ such that $(i)$ for any two colors $i$ and $j$ with $1 \leq i < j \leq k$, any vertex of color $j$ is adjacent to a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-03-05 Abbas Khaleghi , Manouchehr Zaker

We consider the single-conflict coloring problem, a graph coloring problem in which each edge of a graph receives a forbidden ordered color pair. The task is to find a vertex coloring such that no two adjacent vertices receive a pair of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-16 Peter Bradshaw , Tomáš Masařík