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Transit spectroscopy of terrestrial planets around nearby M dwarfs is a primary goal of space missions in coming decades. 3-D climate modeling has shown that slow-synchronous rotating terrestrial planets may develop thick clouds at the…

The current role of data-driven science is constantly increasing its importance within Astrophysics, due to the huge amount of multi-wavelength data collected every day, characterized by complex and high-volume information requiring…

On-orbit service is important for maintaining the sustainability of space environment. Space-based visible camera is an economical and lightweight sensor for situation awareness during on-orbit service. However, it can be easily affected by…

As urbanization and climate change progress, urban heat island effects are becoming more frequent and severe. To formulate effective mitigation plans, cities require detailed air temperature data. However, predictive analytics methods based…

In this work, we develop a simulation-based model to predict the excess surface mass density (ESD) depending on the local density environment. Using a conditional stellar mass function, our foreground galaxies are tailored toward the bright…

Intelligent scheduling of the sequence of scientific exposures taken at ground-based astronomical observatories is massively challenging. Observing time is over-subscribed and atmospheric conditions are constantly changing. We propose to…

Intensity mapping surveys will provide access to a coarse view of the cosmic large-scale structure in unprecedented large volumes at high redshifts. Given the large fractions of the sky that can be efficiently scanned using emission from…

The current availability of soil moisture data over large areas comes from satellite remote sensing technologies (i.e., radar-based systems), but these data have coarse resolution and often exhibit large spatial information gaps. Where data…

One of the major discoveries of the Extreme ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (EIT) on SOHO were intensity enhancements propagating over a large fraction of the solar surface. The physical origin(s) of the so-called `EIT' waves is still…

The continuous observation of the magnetic field by Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO)/Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) produces numerous image sequences in time and space. These sequences provide data support for predicting the…

We introduce a novel deep learning framework based on Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks to predict galactic cosmic-ray spectra on a one-day-ahead basis by leveraging historical solar activity data, overcoming limitations inherent in…

We present a new method for performing differential emission measure (DEM) inversions on narrow-band EUV images from the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) onboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO). The method yields positive definite…

The X-ray and EUV emission of stars plays a key role in the loss and evolution of the atmospheres of their planets. The coronae of dwarf stars later than M6 appear to behave differently to those of earlier spectral types and are more X-ray…

The sky observed by space telescopes in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) can be dominated by stray light from multiple sources including the Earth, Sun and Moon. This stray light presents a significant challenge to missions that aim to make a secure…

The correlation between the plasma density measured in space and the surface potential of an electrically conducting satellite body with biased electric field detectors has been recognized and used to provide density proxies. However, for…

Electron temperature (Te) is an important parameter governing space weather in the upper atmosphere, but has historically been underexplored in the space weather machine learning literature. We present CLARE, a machine learning model for…

Synoptic maps of solar EUV intensities have been constructed for many decades in order to display the distribution of the different EUV emissions across the solar surface, with each map representing one Carrington rotation (i.e., one…

We investigate the morphology and temporal variability of a quiet Sun network region in different solar layers. The emission in several EUV spectral lines through both raster and slot time series, recorded by EIS/Hinode is studied along…

We develop multiple Deep Learning (DL) models that advance the state-of-the-art predictions of the global auroral particle precipitation. We use observations from low Earth orbiting spacecraft of the electron energy flux to develop a model…

Urbanization as a global trend has led to many environmental challenges, including the urban heat island (UHI) effect. The increase in temperature has a significant impact on the well-being of urban residents. Air temperature ($T_a$) at 2m…