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Accurate diagnostic coding of medical notes is crucial for enhancing patient care, medical research, and error-free billing in healthcare organizations. Manual coding is a time-consuming task for providers, and diagnostic codes often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Prajwal Kailas , Max Homilius , Rahul C. Deo , Calum A. MacRae

Radiology report generation aims at generating descriptive text from radiology images automatically, which may present an opportunity to improve radiology reporting and interpretation. A typical setting consists of training encoder-decoder…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-28 An Yan , Zexue He , Xing Lu , Jiang Du , Eric Chang , Amilcare Gentili , Julian McAuley , Chun-Nan Hsu

Contrastive learning has emerged as an efficient framework to learn multimodal representations. CLIP, a seminal work in this area, achieved impressive results by training on paired image-text data using the contrastive loss. Recent work…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Enrico Fini , Pietro Astolfi , Adriana Romero-Soriano , Jakob Verbeek , Michal Drozdzal

Medical image segmentation has been widely recognized as a pivot procedure for clinical diagnosis, analysis, and treatment planning. However, the laborious and expensive annotation process lags down the speed of further advances.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-02 Zhuowei Li , Zihao Liu , Zhiqiang Hu , Qing Xia , Ruiqin Xiong , Shaoting Zhang , Dimitris Metaxas , Tingting Jiang

Eye tracking research is important in computer vision because it can help us understand how humans interact with the visual world. Specifically for high-risk applications, such as in medical imaging, eye tracking can help us to comprehend…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-31 Bin Wang , Hongyi Pan , Armstrong Aboah , Zheyuan Zhang , Elif Keles , Drew Torigian , Baris Turkbey , Elizabeth Krupinski , Jayaram Udupa , Ulas Bagci

Gaze redirection is the task of changing the gaze to a desired direction for a given monocular eye patch image. Many applications such as videoconferencing, films, games, and generation of training data for gaze estimation require…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-21 Zhe He , Adrian Spurr , Xucong Zhang , Otmar Hilliges

Multimodal learning has recently gained significant popularity, demonstrating impressive performance across various zero-shot classification tasks and a range of perceptive and generative applications. Models such as Contrastive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Can Yaras , Siyi Chen , Peng Wang , Qing Qu

Contrastive vision-language models continue to be the dominant approach for image and text retrieval. Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) trains two neural networks in contrastive manner to align their image and text embeddings…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Kwun Ho Ngan , Saman Sadeghi Afgeh , Joe Townsend , Artur d'Avila Garcez

Rationale and Objectives: Computer-aided detection systems for chest radiographs are widely used, and concurrent reader displays, such as bounding-box (BB) highlights, may influence the reading process. This pilot study used eye tracking to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-27 Daisuke Matsumoto , Tomohiro Kikuchi , Yusuke Takagi , Soichiro Kojima , Ryoma Kobayashi , Daiju Ueda , Kohei Yamamoto , Sho Kawabe , Harushi Mori

Contrastive language image pretraining (CLIP) is a standard method for training vision-language models. While CLIP is scalable, promptable, and robust to distribution shifts on image classification tasks, it lacks object localization…

Eye trackers can provide visual guidance to sonographers during ultrasound (US) scanning. Such guidance is potentially valuable for less experienced operators to improve their scanning skills on how to manipulate the probe to achieve the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-27 Qianhui Men , Clare Teng , Lior Drukker , Aris T. Papageorghiou , J. Alison Noble

Contrastive learning has proven effective for pre-training image models on unlabeled data with promising results for tasks such as medical image classification. Using paired text (like radiological reports) during pre-training improves the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-08 Philip Müller , Georgios Kaissis , Congyu Zou , Daniel Rueckert

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has become prevalent for learning representations in computer vision. Notably, SSL exploits contrastive learning to encourage visual representations to be invariant under various image transformations. The…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Swati Jindal , Roberto Manduchi

Gaze estimation, which is a method to determine where a person is looking at given the person's full face, is a valuable clue for understanding human intention. Similarly to other domains of computer vision, deep learning (DL) methods have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-09 Longzhao Huang , Yujie Li , Xu Wang , Haoyu Wang , Ahmed Bouridane , Ahmad Chaddad

Contrastive learning methods have significantly narrowed the gap between supervised and unsupervised learning on computer vision tasks. In this paper, we explore their application to geo-located datasets, e.g. remote sensing, where…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-09 Kumar Ayush , Burak Uzkent , Chenlin Meng , Kumar Tanmay , Marshall Burke , David Lobell , Stefano Ermon

Early detection of eye diseases like glaucoma, macular degeneration, and diabetic retinopathy is crucial for preventing vision loss. While artificial intelligence (AI) foundation models hold significant promise for addressing these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Danli Shi , Weiyi Zhang , Jiancheng Yang , Siyu Huang , Xiaolan Chen , Mayinuer Yusufu , Kai Jin , Shan Lin , Shunming Liu , Qing Zhang , Mingguang He

Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining (CLIP) has achieved remarkable success, leading to rapid advancements in multimodal studies. However, CLIP faces a notable challenge in terms of inefficient data utilization. It relies on a single…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Yu Zhang , Qi Zhang , Zixuan Gong , Yiwei Shi , Yepeng Liu , Duoqian Miao , Yang Liu , Ke Liu , Kun Yi , Wei Fan , Liang Hu , Changwei Wang

With large-scale well-labeled datasets, deep learning has shown significant success in medical image segmentation. However, it is challenging to acquire abundant annotations in clinical practice due to extensive expertise requirements and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-20 Ziyuan Zhao , Jinxuan Hu , Zeng Zeng , Xulei Yang , Peisheng Qian , Bharadwaj Veeravalli , Cuntai Guan

In multimodal learning, CLIP has emerged as the de-facto approach for mapping different modalities into a shared latent space by bringing semantically similar representations closer while pushing apart dissimilar ones. However, CLIP-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Eleonora Grassucci , Giordano Cicchetti , Danilo Comminiello

Despite the recent success of image-text contrastive models like CLIP and SigLIP, these models often struggle with vision-centric tasks that demand high-fidelity image understanding, such as counting, depth estimation, and fine-grained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Zineng Tang , Long Lian , Seun Eisape , XuDong Wang , Roei Herzig , Adam Yala , Alane Suhr , Trevor Darrell , David M. Chan