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The proliferation of online hate speech poses a significant threat to the harmony of the web. While explicit hate is easily recognized through overt slurs, implicit hate speech is often conveyed through sarcasm, irony, stereotypes, or coded…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Chengshuai Zhao , Shu Wan , Paras Sheth , Karan Patwa , K. Selçuk Candan , Huan Liu

This paper introduces a method for detecting inappropriately targeting language in online conversations by integrating crowd and expert annotations with ChatGPT. We focus on English conversation threads from Reddit, examining comments that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Baran Barbarestani , Isa Maks , Piek Vossen

The damaging effects of hate speech on social media are evident during the last few years, and several organizations, researchers and social media platforms tried to harness them in various ways. Despite these efforts, social media users…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-05-04 Polychronis Charitidis , Stavros Doropoulos , Stavros Vologiannidis , Ioannis Papastergiou , Sophia Karakeva

Hate speech, offensive language, aggression, racism, sexism, and other abusive language are common phenomena in social media. There is a need for Artificial Intelligence(AI)based intervention which can filter hate content at scale. Most…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Prashant Kapil , Asif Ekbal

Hate speech causes widespread and deep-seated societal issues. Proper enforcement of hate speech laws is key for protecting groups of people against harmful and discriminatory language. However, determining what constitutes hate speech is a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Chu Fei Luo , Rohan Bhambhoria , Xiaodan Zhu , Samuel Dahan

Social media platforms, despite their value in promoting open discourse, are often exploited to spread harmful content. Current deep learning and natural language processing models used for detecting this harmful content overly rely on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Paras Sheth , Tharindu Kumarage , Raha Moraffah , Aman Chadha , Huan Liu

Hate speech detection is a crucial task, especially on social media, where harmful content can spread quickly. Implementing machine learning models to automatically identify and address hate speech is essential for mitigating its impact and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Somaiyeh Dehghan , Mehmet Umut Sen , Berrin Yanikoglu

Social media and online forums are increasingly becoming popular. Unfortunately, these platforms are being used for spreading hate speech. In this paper, we design black-box techniques to protect users from hate-speech on online platforms…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Sampanna Yashwant Kahu , Naman Ahuja

Humor holds up a mirror to social perception: what we find funny often reflects who we are and how we judge others. When language models engage with humor, their reactions expose the social assumptions they have internalized from training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Shubin Kim , Yejin Son , Junyeong Park , Keummin Ka , Seungbeen Lee , Jaeyoung Lee , Hyeju Jang , Alice Oh , Youngjae Yu

While online social media offers a way for ignored or stifled voices to be heard, it also allows users a platform to spread hateful speech. Such speech usually originates in fringe communities, yet it can spill over into mainstream…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-04-14 Matheus Schmitz , Keith Burghardt , Goran Muric

Current research mainly explores the attributes and impact of online counterspeech, leaving a gap in understanding of who engages in online counterspeech or what motivates or deters users from participating. To investigate this, we surveyed…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Kaike Ping , Anisha Kumar , Xiaohan Ding , Eugenia Rho

This paper explores ways in which the harmful effects of cyber hate may be mitigated through mechanisms for enhancing the self governance of new digital spaces. We report findings from a mixed methods study of responses to cyber hate posts,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2019-09-02 Rob Procter , Helena Webb , Marina Jirotka , Pete Burnap , William Housley , Adam Edwards , Matt Williams

The context-dependent nature of online aggression makes annotating large collections of data extremely difficult. Previously studied datasets in abusive language detection have been insufficient in size to efficiently train deep learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-31 Younghun Lee , Seunghyun Yoon , Kyomin Jung

Hateful memes are an emerging method of spreading hate on the internet, relying on both images and text to convey a hateful message. We take an interpretable approach to hateful meme detection, using machine learning and simple heuristics…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-24 Tanvi Deshpande , Nitya Mani

In this paper we examine methods to detect hate speech in social media, while distinguishing this from general profanity. We aim to establish lexical baselines for this task by applying supervised classification methods using a recently…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-12-29 Shervin Malmasi , Marcos Zampieri

Online conversations can go in many directions: some turn out poorly due to antisocial behavior, while others turn out positively to the benefit of all. Research on improving online spaces has focused primarily on detecting and reducing…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-02-17 Jiajun Bao , Junjie Wu , Yiming Zhang , Eshwar Chandrasekharan , David Jurgens

Hate speech is a widespread and harmful form of online discourse, encompassing slurs and defamatory posts that can have serious social, psychological, and sometimes physical impacts on targeted individuals and communities. As social media…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Santosh Chapagain , Shah Muhammad Hamdi , Soukaina Filali Boubrahimi

Hate speech on social media threatens the mental and physical well-being of individuals and contributes to real-world violence. Resharing is an important driver behind the spread of hate speech on social media. Yet, little is known about…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Dominique Geissler , Abdurahman Maarouf , Stefan Feuerriegel

Online hate speech poses a serious threat to individual well-being and societal cohesion. A promising solution to curb online hate speech is counterspeech. Counterspeech is aimed at encouraging users to reconsider hateful posts by direct…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Dominik Bär , Abdurahman Maarouf , Stefan Feuerriegel

The goal of hate speech detection is to filter negative online content aiming at certain groups of people. Due to the easy accessibility of social media platforms it is crucial to protect everyone which requires building hate speech…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Irina Bigoulaeva , Viktor Hangya , Iryna Gurevych , Alexander Fraser