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Related papers: RiskBench: A Scenario-based Benchmark for Risk Ide…

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Safety-critical traffic scenarios are integral to the development and validation of autonomous driving systems. These scenarios provide crucial insights into vehicle responses under high-risk conditions rarely encountered in real-world…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Jinxiong Lu , Shoaib Azam , Gokhan Alcan , Ville Kyrki

Robots will increasingly operate near humans that introduce uncertainties in the motion planning problem due to their complex nature. Typically, chance constraints are introduced in the planner to optimize performance while guaranteeing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Oscar de Groot , Laura Ferranti , Dariu Gavrila , Javier Alonso-Mora

The assessment of highly-risky situations at road intersections have been recently revealed as an important research topic within the context of the automotive industry. In this paper we shall introduce a novel approach to compute risk…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Alejandro Chinea Manrique De Lara , Michel Parent

Many research papers have recently focused on behavioral-based driver authentication systems in vehicles. Pushed by Artificial Intelligence (AI) advancements, these works propose powerful models to identify drivers through their unique…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Emad Efatinasab , Francesco Marchiori , Denis Donadel , Alessandro Brighente , Mauro Conti

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as agents that operate in real-world environments, introducing safety risks beyond linguistic harm. Existing agent safety evaluations rely on risk-oriented tasks tailored to specific…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Jingnan Zheng , Yanzhen Luo , Jingjun Xu , Bingnan Liu , Yuxin Chen , Chenhang Cui , Gelei Deng , Chaochao Lu , Xiang Wang , An Zhang , Tat-Seng Chua

This extended abstract introduces the initial steps taken to develop a system for Rapid Internal Simulation of Knowledge (RISK). RISK aims to enable more transparency in artificial intelligence systems, especially those created by deep…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-08-16 Christopher D. Wallbridge , Qiyuan Zhang

Safety is a central requirement for automated vehicles. As such, the assessment of risk in automated driving is key in supporting both motion planning technologies and safety evaluation. In automated driving, risk is characterized by two…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Leon Tolksdorf , Arturo Tejada , Jonas Bauernfeind , Christian Birkner , Nathan van de Wouw

Artificial intelligence (AI) systems possess significant potential to drive societal progress. However, their deployment often faces obstacles due to substantial safety concerns. Safe reinforcement learning (SafeRL) emerges as a solution to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Jiaming Ji , Borong Zhang , Jiayi Zhou , Xuehai Pan , Weidong Huang , Ruiyang Sun , Yiran Geng , Yifan Zhong , Juntao Dai , Yaodong Yang

Artificial intelligence systems are now deployed at scale across sectors, accompanied by a growing number of real-world incidents ranging from misinformation and cybercrime to autonomous-system failures. Databases of AI incidents index…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Sophia Abraham , Taiye Chen , Cyril Chhun , Giovanna Jaramillo-Gutierrez , Simon Mylius , Sayash Raaj , Peter Slattery , Sean McGregor

While the capabilities of autonomous driving have advanced rapidly, merging into dense traffic remains a significant challenge, many motion planning methods for this scenario have been proposed but it is hard to evaluate them. Most existing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Zhengming Wang , Junli Wang , Pengfei Li , Zhaohan Li , Chunyang Liu , Bo Zhang , Peng Li , Yilun Chen

This paper describes the comprehensive safety framework that underpinned the development, release process, and regulatory approval of BMW's first SAE Level 3 Automated Driving System. The framework combines established qualitative and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Moritz Werling , Rainer Faller , Wolfgang Betz , Daniel Straub

Recognition of the surrounding environment using a camera is an important technology in Advanced Driver-Assistance Systems and Autonomous Driving, and recognition technology is often solved by machine learning approaches such as deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-28 Genya Ogawa , Toru Saito , Noriyuki Aoi

Flawed planning from VLM-driven embodied agents poses significant safety hazards, hindering their deployment in real-world household tasks. However, existing static, non-interactive evaluation paradigms fail to adequately assess risks…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Xiaoya Lu , Zeren Chen , Xuhao Hu , Yijin Zhou , Weichen Zhang , Dongrui Liu , Lu Sheng , Jing Shao

Ensuring safety is the primary objective of automated driving, which necessitates a comprehensive and accurate perception of the environment. While numerous performance evaluation metrics exist for assessing perception capabilities,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Jörg Gamerdinger , Sven Teufel , Stephan Amann , Oliver Bringmann

Enabling socially acceptable behavior for situated agents is a major goal of recent robotics research. Robots should not only operate safely around humans, but also abide by complex social norms. A key challenge for developing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Sören Pirk , Edward Lee , Xuesu Xiao , Leila Takayama , Anthony Francis , Alexander Toshev

Scenario-based testing has become a promising approach to overcome the complexity of real-world traffic for safety assurance of automated vehicles. Within scenario-based testing, a system under test is confronted with a set of predefined…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Christoph Glasmacher , Hendrik Weber , Lutz Eckstein

Embodied artificial intelligence (EAI) integrates advanced AI models into physical entities for real-world interaction. The emergence of foundation models as the "brain" of EAI agents for high-level task planning has shown promising…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Zihao Zhu , Bingzhe Wu , Zhengyou Zhang , Lei Han , Qingshan Liu , Baoyuan Wu

AI models are increasingly prevalent in high-stakes environments, necessitating thorough assessment of their capabilities and risks. Benchmarks are popular for measuring these attributes and for comparing model performance, tracking…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-21 Anka Reuel , Amelia Hardy , Chandler Smith , Max Lamparth , Malcolm Hardy , Mykel J. Kochenderfer

Path planning is a key component in mobile robotics. A wide range of path planning algorithms exist, but few attempts have been made to benchmark the algorithms holistically or unify their interface. Moreover, with the recent advances in…

Automated red teaming holds substantial promise for uncovering and mitigating the risks associated with the malicious use of large language models (LLMs), yet the field lacks a standardized evaluation framework to rigorously assess new…